Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xiv.--the Fate of Agbor the Hunter, Who Killed His Wife and Children., sentence 27
He told the chief that one daughter had let his pet bird fly away, and when he flogged her the mother had threatened to leave him and to take the children with her.
Who acts: Agbor, pet bird · What happens: tell, let, fly away, flog, threaten, leave · To what, where: chief, one daughter, Awo, mother, Agbor, children · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xiv.--the Fate of Agbor the Hunter, Who Killed His Wife and Children.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Agbor, pet bird), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 told | nsubj |
| 2 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 chief | det |
| 4 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 told | iobj |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 9 let | mark |
| 6 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 7 daughter | nummod |
| 7 | daughter | daughter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 let | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 let | aux |
| 9 | let | let | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 told | ccomp |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 bird | nmod:poss |
| 11 | pet | pet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 bird | compound |
| 12 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 fly | nsubj |
| 13 | fly | fly | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 let | parataxis |
| 14 | away | away | ADV | _ | 13 fly | advmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 flogged | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 flogged | cc |
| 17 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 19 flogged | advmod |
| 18 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 flogged | nsubj |
| 19 | flogged | flog | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 told | conj |
| 20 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 flogged | obj |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 mother | det |
| 22 | mother | mother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 threatened | nsubj:pass |
| 23 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 threatened | aux |
| 24 | threatened | threaten | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 flogged | parataxis |
| 25 | to | to | PART | _ | 26 leave | mark |
| 26 | leave | leave | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 threatened | xcomp |
| 27 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 leave | obj |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 take | cc |
| 29 | to | to | PART | _ | 30 take | mark |
| 30 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 26 leave | conj |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 children | det |
| 32 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 take | obj |
| 33 | with | with | ADP | _ | 34 her | case |
| 34 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 take | obl |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 told | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tell speech: assert | past | Agbor | the chief | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent chief=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | let | past · perfect · passive | one daughter | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 3 | fly away | present | Agbor's pet bird | away property | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | flog | past | Agbor | Awo | vn spank-18.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Patient | ||||
| 5 | threaten | past · perfect · passive | the mother | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | leave not said to happen | to-infinitive | Agbor | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | |||||
| 7 | take | to-infinitive | the children | with Awo | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument child=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/11/27/