Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xv.--what Happened At Okuni When Anyone Was Killed By Accident., sentence 106
When they got to the mouth of the hole, the cock cut a small piece of tie-tie and flew to the top of a tree, taking great care not to look in the direction of the frog.
Who acts: holes, cock · What happens: get, cut, fly, take, not look · To what, where: small piece, great care
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xv.--what Happened At Okuni When Anyone Was Killed By Accident.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (holes, cock), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 3 got | advmod |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 got | nsubj |
| 3 | got | get | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 cut | advcl |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 6 mouth | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 mouth | det |
| 6 | mouth | mouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 got | obl |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 hole | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 hole | det |
| 9 | hole | hole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 mouth | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 got | punct |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 cock | det |
| 12 | cock | cock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 cut | nsubj |
| 13 | cut | cut | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 piece | det |
| 15 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 piece | amod |
| 16 | piece | piece | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 cut | obj |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 tie | case |
| 18 | tie | tie | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 tie | compound |
| 19 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 18 tie | punct |
| 20 | tie | tie | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 piece | nmod |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 flew | cc |
| 22 | flew | fly | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 cut | conj |
| 23 | to | to | ADP | _ | 25 top | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 top | det |
| 25 | top | top | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 flew | obl |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 tree | case |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 tree | det |
| 28 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 top | nmod |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 taking | punct |
| 30 | taking | take | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 22 flew | advcl |
| 31 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 care | amod |
| 32 | care | care | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 taking | obj |
| 33 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 35 look | advmod |
| 34 | to | to | PART | _ | 35 look | mark |
| 35 | look | look | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 30 taking | advcl |
| 36 | in | in | ADP | _ | 38 direction | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 direction | det |
| 38 | direction | direction | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 look | obl |
| 39 | of | of | ADP | _ | 41 frog | case |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 frog | det |
| 41 | frog | frog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 direction | nmod |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 cut | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | get | past | holes = hole | to the mouth of the hole result | vn convert-26.6.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Patient to mouth=Result | ||||
| 2 | cut | past | the cock | a small piece of tie tie | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent piece=Product | ||||
| 3 | fly | past | the cock not said here | to the top of a tree result | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to top=Result | ||||
| 4 | take | gerund | the cock not said here | great care | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent care=Theme | ||||
| 5 | not look | to-infinitive | the cock not said here | in the direction of the frog | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in direction=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/12/106/