Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xv.--what Happened At Okuni When Anyone Was Killed By Accident., sentence 110
The frog tried to jump away, but found that he was helpless as both of his hind legs were fast.
Who acts: frog, COCK, both · What happens: try, jump away, find, be · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xv.--what Happened At Okuni When Anyone Was Killed By Accident.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (frog, COCK, both), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 frog | det |
| 2 | frog | frog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 tried | nsubj |
| 3 | tried | try | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 jump | mark |
| 5 | jump | jump | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 tried | xcomp |
| 6 | away | away | ADV | _ | 5 jump | advmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 found | punct |
| 8 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 9 found | cc |
| 9 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 tried | conj |
| 10 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 13 helpless | mark |
| 11 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 helpless | nsubj |
| 12 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 helpless | cop |
| 13 | helpless | helpless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 found | ccomp |
| 14 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 21 fast | mark |
| 15 | both | both | DET | PronType=Tot | 21 fast | nsubj |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 legs | case |
| 17 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 legs | nmod:poss |
| 18 | hind | hind | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 legs | amod |
| 19 | legs | leg | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 both | nmod |
| 20 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 fast | cop |
| 21 | fast | fast | ADV | Degree=Pos | 13 helpless | advcl |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 tried | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | try | past | the frog | vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 2 | jump away not said to happen | to-infinitive | the frog not said here | away property | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | find | past | the frog not said here | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | is | past | COCK | helpless property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | is | past | both of COCK's hind legs | fast property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/12/110/