Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xv.--what Happened At Okuni When Anyone Was Killed By Accident., sentence 35
From that day Oghabi grew to hate his friend, and when he recovered from the injuries he had received from the snake he began to plot as to how he should revenge himself upon Okpa and his wife.
Who acts: Oghabi · What happens: grow, hate, recover, receive, begin, plot · To what, where: friend, injuries, snake
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xv.--what Happened At Okuni When Anyone Was Killed By Accident.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Oghabi), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | From | from | ADP | _ | 3 day | case |
| 2 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 3 day | det |
| 3 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 grew | obl |
| 4 | Oghabi | Oghabi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 grew | nsubj |
| 5 | grew | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 hate | mark |
| 7 | hate | hate | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 grew | xcomp |
| 8 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 friend | nmod:poss |
| 9 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 hate | obj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 received | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 received | cc |
| 12 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 14 recovered | advmod |
| 13 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 recovered | nsubj |
| 14 | recovered | recover | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 received | advcl |
| 15 | from | from | ADP | _ | 17 injuries | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 injuries | det |
| 17 | injuries | injury | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 recovered | obl |
| 18 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 received | nsubj |
| 19 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 received | aux |
| 20 | received | receive | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 5 grew | conj |
| 21 | from | from | ADP | _ | 23 snake | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 snake | det |
| 23 | snake | snake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 received | obl |
| 24 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 began | nsubj |
| 25 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 snake | acl:relcl |
| 26 | to | to | PART | _ | 27 plot | mark |
| 27 | plot | plot | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 began | xcomp |
| 28 | as | as | ADP | ExtPos=ADP | 33 revenge | case |
| 29 | to | to | ADP | _ | 28 as | fixed |
| 30 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 33 revenge | advmod |
| 31 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 revenge | nsubj |
| 32 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 33 revenge | aux |
| 33 | revenge | revenge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 plot | obl |
| 34 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes | 33 revenge | appos |
| 35 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 36 Okpa | case |
| 36 | Okpa | Okpa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 himself | nmod |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 wife | cc |
| 38 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 39 wife | nmod:poss |
| 39 | wife | wife | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 himself | conj |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 grew | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | grow | past | Oghabi | day | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | hate | to-infinitive | Oghabi not said here | OGHABI's friend | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer friend=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | recover | past | OGHABI | the injuries | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent from injury=Source | ||||
| 4 | receive | past · perfect | OGHABI | from the snake | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent from snake=Source | ||||
| 5 | begin | past | OGHABI | the snake not said here | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | plot | to-infinitive | OGHABI not said here | as revenge OGHABI | vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/12/35/