Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xviii.--how the River Came Into Existence; Or, Why a Crab Has No Head., sentence 1
When the Creator made the earth he appointed the elephant ruler of the world.
Who acts: Creator · What happens: make, appoint · To what, where: earth, elephant ruler
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xviii.--how the River Came Into Existence; Or, Why a Crab Has No Head.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Creator), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | SCONJ | _ | 4 made | mark |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 Creator | det |
| 3 | Creator | Creator | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 made | nsubj |
| 4 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 appointed | advcl |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 earth | det |
| 6 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 made | obj |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 appointed | nsubj |
| 8 | appointed | appoint | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 ruler | det |
| 10 | elephant | elephant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 ruler | compound |
| 11 | ruler | ruler | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 appointed | obj |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 world | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 world | det |
| 14 | world | world | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 ruler | nmod |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 appointed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | past | the Creator | the earth | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent earth=Product | ||||
| 2 | appoint | past | Creator | the elephant ruler of the world | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ruler=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/13/1/