Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xix.--why the Mist Rises From the Water., sentence 104
This made the girl very sad, but, as she could not see any other way out of the place, she made up her mind to enjoy herself, and sang and danced with the rest of the people.
Who acts: This, way · What happens: make, not see, make up, enjoy, sing, dance · To what, where: girl, other way, place, mind, way
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xix.--why the Mist Rises From the Water.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (This, way), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | This | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 2 made | nsubj |
| 2 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 girl | det |
| 4 | girl | girl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 made | obj |
| 5 | very | very | ADV | _ | 6 sad | advmod |
| 6 | sad | sad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 made | xcomp |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 made | punct |
| 8 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 24 made | cc |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 but | punct |
| 10 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 14 see | mark |
| 11 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 see | nsubj |
| 12 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 14 see | aux |
| 13 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 14 see | advmod |
| 14 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 made | advcl |
| 15 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 17 way | det |
| 16 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 way | amod |
| 17 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 see | obj |
| 18 | out | out | ADP | _ | 21 place | case |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 place | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 place | det |
| 21 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 see | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 see | punct |
| 23 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 made | nsubj |
| 24 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 made | parataxis |
| 25 | up | up | ADP | _ | 24 made | compound:prt |
| 26 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 mind | nmod:poss |
| 27 | mind | mind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 made | obj |
| 28 | to | to | PART | _ | 29 enjoy | mark |
| 29 | enjoy | enjoy | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 made | advcl |
| 30 | herself | herself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 29 enjoy | obj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 sang | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 sang | cc |
| 33 | sang | sing | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 made | parataxis |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 danced | cc |
| 35 | danced | dance | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 sang | conj |
| 36 | with | with | ADP | _ | 38 rest | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 rest | det |
| 38 | rest | rest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 danced | obl |
| 39 | of | of | ADP | _ | 41 people | case |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 people | det |
| 41 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 rest | nmod |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 made | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | past | This | the girl | sad property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset girl=Product | |||
| 2 | not see | could | way | any other way | the place | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer way=Stimulus | |||
| 3 | make up | past | way | way's mind | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme mind=Pivot | ||||
| 4 | enjoy | to-infinitive | way not said here | way | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer herself=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | sing speech: express | past | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 6 | dance | past | with the rest of the people | vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 7 | mind | way | nom mind «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/14/104/