Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xix.--why the Mist Rises From the Water., sentence 36
Then his friends Bojor and Osobia came and asked him why he grieved so much.
Who acts: friends, Ogbaja · What happens: come, ask, grieve · To what, where: Ogbaja
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xix.--why the Mist Rises From the Water.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (friends, Ogbaja), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 7 came | advmod |
| 2 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 3 friends | nmod:poss |
| 3 | friends | friend | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 came | nsubj |
| 4 | Bojor | Bojor | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 friends | appos |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 Osobia | cc |
| 6 | Osobia | Osobia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 Bojor | conj |
| 7 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 asked | cc |
| 9 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 came | conj |
| 10 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 asked | iobj |
| 11 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 13 grieved | advmod |
| 12 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 grieved | nsubj |
| 13 | grieved | grieve | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 asked | advcl |
| 14 | so | so | ADV | _ | 15 much | advmod |
| 15 | much | much | ADV | _ | 13 grieved | advmod |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | Ogbaja's friends | then | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | ask speech: ask | past | Ogbaja's friends not said here | Ogbaja | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | grieve | past | Ogbaja | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/14/36/