Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xix.--why the Mist Rises From the Water., sentence 62
They dragged him out of the pot at once, and said, “As you do not seem to like to be killed with fire, we will kill you with the water-pot you took refuge in.”
Who acts: people, you, we · What happens: drag, say, not seem, like, kill, take · To what, where: Ogbaja, pot, you, refuge · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xix.--why the Mist Rises From the Water.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, you, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 dragged | nsubj |
| 2 | dragged | drag | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 dragged | obj |
| 4 | out | out | ADP | _ | 7 pot | case |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 pot | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 pot | det |
| 7 | pot | pot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 dragged | obl |
| 8 | at | at | ADP | _ | 9 once | case |
| 9 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 2 dragged | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 said | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 said | cc |
| 12 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 dragged | parataxis |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 seem | punct |
| 14 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 19 seem | punct |
| 15 | As | as | SCONJ | _ | 19 seem | mark |
| 16 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 19 seem | nsubj |
| 17 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 seem | aux |
| 18 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 19 seem | advmod |
| 19 | seem | seem | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 said | ccomp |
| 20 | to | to | PART | _ | 21 like | mark |
| 21 | like | like | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 seem | xcomp |
| 22 | to | to | PART | _ | 24 killed | mark |
| 23 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 24 killed | aux:pass |
| 24 | killed | kill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 21 like | xcomp |
| 25 | with | with | ADP | _ | 26 fire | case |
| 26 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 killed | obl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 kill | punct |
| 28 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 30 kill | nsubj |
| 29 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 30 kill | aux |
| 30 | kill | kill | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 seem | conj |
| 31 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 30 kill | obj |
| 32 | with | with | ADP | _ | 36 pot | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 pot | det |
| 34 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 pot | compound |
| 35 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 34 water | punct |
| 36 | pot | pot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 kill | obl |
| 37 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 38 took | nsubj |
| 38 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 36 pot | acl:relcl |
| 39 | refuge | refuge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 took | obj |
| 40 | in | in | ADP | _ | 39 refuge | fixed |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 dragged | punct |
| 42 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 dragged | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | drag | past | people | Ogbaja | the pot | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent he=Theme out pot=Initial_Location | |||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||||
| 3 | not seem in a quote | present · do-support | you | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute | |||||
| 4 | like in a quote | to-infinitive | you not said here | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | |||||
| 5 | kill not said to happen, in a quote | to-infinitive · passive | you not said here | with fire | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle» | ||||
| 6 | kill in a quote | future | we | you | with the water pot | vn murder-42.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent you=Patient with pot=Instrument | |||
| 7 | take in a quote | past | you | refuge | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent refuge=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/14/62/