Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xix.--why the Mist Rises From the Water., sentence 64
The cripple begged them not to put him in the fire, but no one answered him.
Who acts: cripple, one · What happens: beg, not put, answer · To what, where: people, cripple, fire
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xix.--why the Mist Rises From the Water.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cripple, one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 cripple | det |
| 2 | cripple | cripple | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 begged | nsubj |
| 3 | begged | beg | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 begged | obj |
| 5 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 7 put | advmod |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 put | mark |
| 7 | put | put | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 begged | advcl |
| 8 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 put | obj |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 fire | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 fire | det |
| 11 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 put | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 answered | punct |
| 13 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 16 answered | cc |
| 14 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 15 one | det |
| 15 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 answered | nsubj |
| 16 | answered | answer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 begged | parataxis |
| 17 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 answered | obj |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 begged | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | beg speech: request | past | the cripple | people | vn beg-58.2-1-1 «NP V NP PP.Topic»: agent=Agent they=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | not put | to-infinitive | the cripple not said here | cripple | the fire | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent he=Theme in fire=Destination | |||
| 3 | answer speech: assert | past | no one | cripple | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent he=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/14/64/