Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxi.--why the Head of the Male Goat Smells So Strong., sentence 13
The goat at once told her that she must pay, so the hen gave him one of her chickens.
Who acts: goat, hen · What happens: tell, pay, give · To what, where: hen, one, rat · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxi.--why the Head of the Male Goat Smells So Strong.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (goat, hen), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 goat | det |
| 2 | goat | goat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 told | nsubj |
| 3 | at | at | ADP | _ | 4 once | case |
| 4 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 5 told | obl |
| 5 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 told | iobj |
| 7 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 10 pay | mark |
| 8 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 pay | nsubj |
| 9 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 10 pay | aux |
| 10 | pay | pay | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 told | xcomp |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 gave | punct |
| 12 | so | so | ADV | _ | 15 gave | advmod |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 hen | det |
| 14 | hen | hen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 gave | nsubj |
| 15 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 told | conj |
| 16 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 gave | iobj |
| 17 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 15 gave | obj |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 chickens | case |
| 19 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 chickens | nmod:poss |
| 20 | chickens | chicken | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 one | nmod |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 told | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tell speech: assert | past | the goat | hen | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent she=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | pay not said to happen | must | hen | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | give | past | the hen | one of hen's chickens | rat | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient one=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/15/13/