Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxi.--why the Head of the Male Goat Smells So Strong., sentence 47
On the third day, when the dead body did not reply, the goat became so angry that he charged the dead body as hard as he could, and butted it with his horns again and again.
Who acts: dead body, goat, farmer · What happens: not reply, become, charge, butt · To what, where: dead body, answer
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxi.--why the Head of the Male Goat Smells So Strong.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dead body, goat, farmer), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | On | on | ADP | _ | 4 day | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 day | det |
| 3 | third | third | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 4 day | amod |
| 4 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 reply | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 day | punct |
| 6 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 12 reply | mark |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 body | det |
| 8 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 body | amod |
| 9 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 reply | nsubj |
| 10 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 reply | aux |
| 11 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 12 reply | advmod |
| 12 | reply | reply | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 became | punct |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 goat | det |
| 15 | goat | goat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 became | nsubj |
| 16 | became | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 reply | conj |
| 17 | so | so | ADV | _ | 18 angry | advmod |
| 18 | angry | angry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 became | xcomp |
| 19 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 21 charged | mark |
| 20 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 charged | nsubj |
| 21 | charged | charge | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 angry | advcl |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 body | det |
| 23 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 body | amod |
| 24 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 charged | obj |
| 25 | as | as | ADV | _ | 26 hard | advmod |
| 26 | hard | hard | ADV | Degree=Pos | 21 charged | advmod |
| 27 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 29 could | mark |
| 28 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 could | nsubj |
| 29 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 26 hard | advcl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 butted | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 butted | cc |
| 32 | butted | butt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 reply | parataxis |
| 33 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 butted | obj |
| 34 | with | with | ADP | _ | 36 horns | case |
| 35 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 36 horns | nmod:poss |
| 36 | horns | horn | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 butted | obl |
| 37 | again | again | ADV | _ | 32 butted | advmod |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 again | cc |
| 39 | again | again | ADV | _ | 37 again | conj |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 reply | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not reply speech: assert | past · do-support | the dead body | day | vn respond-113 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | become | past | the goat | angry property | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 3 | charge | past | farmer | the dead body | hard property | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location body=Theme | |||
| 4 | butt | past | answer | again; again | with farmer's horns | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent it=Patient with horn=Instrument |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/15/47/