Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxii.--a Story of the Great Famine., sentence 13
At last the parrot thought there must be a hole in the bag, so he looked inside and found the hare there.
Who acts: last parrot, hole · What happens: think, be, look, find · To what, where: hare · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxii.--a Story of the Great Famine.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (last parrot, hole), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | At | at | ADP | _ | 2 last | case |
| 2 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 parrot | amod |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 parrot | det |
| 4 | parrot | parrot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 thought | nsubj |
| 5 | thought | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 8 be | expl |
| 7 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 8 be | aux |
| 8 | be | be | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 thought | ccomp |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 hole | det |
| 10 | hole | hole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 be | nsubj |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 bag | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 bag | det |
| 13 | bag | bag | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 hole | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 looked | punct |
| 15 | so | so | ADV | _ | 17 looked | advmod |
| 16 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 looked | nsubj |
| 17 | looked | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 thought | parataxis |
| 18 | inside | inside | ADV | _ | 17 looked | advmod |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 found | cc |
| 20 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 looked | conj |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 hare | det |
| 22 | hare | hare | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 found | obj |
| 23 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 20 found | advmod |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 thought | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | think speech: other | past | the last parrot | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 2 | be | must | a hole in the bag | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | look | past | hole | inside property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | find | past | hole not said here | the hare | there | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hare=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/16/13/