Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxii.--a Story of the Great Famine., sentence 25
She then took the hare to her house at the bottom of the river, where she introduced him to her husband, and said, “This man can paint our children, and make them look nice to all people.”
Who acts: risk, man, children · What happens: take, introduce, say, paint, make, look · To what, where: hare, bottom, fish, children · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxii.--a Story of the Great Famine.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (risk, man, children), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | She | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 took | nsubj |
| 2 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 took | advmod |
| 3 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 hare | det |
| 5 | hare | hare | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 took | obj |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 house | case |
| 7 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 house | nmod:poss |
| 8 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 took | obl |
| 9 | at | at | ADP | _ | 11 bottom | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 bottom | det |
| 11 | bottom | bottom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 took | obl |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 river | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 river | det |
| 14 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 bottom | nmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 introduced | punct |
| 16 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 18 introduced | advmod |
| 17 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 introduced | nsubj |
| 18 | introduced | introduce | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 took | conj |
| 19 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 introduced | obj |
| 20 | to | to | ADP | _ | 22 husband | case |
| 21 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 husband | nmod:poss |
| 22 | husband | husband | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 introduced | obl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 said | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 said | cc |
| 25 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 took | conj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 paint | punct |
| 27 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 31 paint | punct |
| 28 | This | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 29 man | det |
| 29 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 paint | nsubj |
| 30 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 31 paint | aux |
| 31 | paint | paint | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 said | ccomp |
| 32 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 children | nmod:poss |
| 33 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 paint | obj |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 make | punct |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 make | cc |
| 36 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 31 paint | conj |
| 37 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 make | obj |
| 38 | look | look | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 36 make | xcomp |
| 39 | nice | nice | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 look | xcomp |
| 40 | to | to | ADP | _ | 42 people | case |
| 41 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 42 people | det |
| 42 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 nice | obl |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 31 paint | punct |
| 44 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 31 paint | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | past | risk | the hare | the bottom of the river | then | to risk's house | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent hare=Theme to house=Destination | |
| 2 | introduce | past | risk | fish | to risk's husband | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent he=Patient to husband=Co-Patient | |||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | risk not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | paint in a quote | can | this man | our children | vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent child=Theme | ||||
| 5 | make in a quote | infinitive | this man not said here | children = child | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | look in a quote | infinitive | children = child not said here | nice property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/16/25/