Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxii.--a Story of the Great Famine., sentence 6
But the parrot said that the hare could not go, and that he was only able to take his own family to the place where the palm nuts grew.
Who acts: parrot, hare, plenty, palm nuts · What happens: say, not go, be, take, grow · To what, where: own family, place · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxii.--a Story of the Great Famine.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (parrot, hare, plenty, palm nuts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 4 said | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 parrot | det |
| 3 | parrot | parrot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 said | nsubj |
| 4 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 10 go | mark |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 hare | det |
| 7 | hare | hare | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 go | nsubj |
| 8 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 10 go | aux |
| 9 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 10 go | advmod |
| 10 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 said | ccomp |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 able | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 able | cc |
| 13 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 17 able | mark |
| 14 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 able | nsubj |
| 15 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 able | cop |
| 16 | only | only | ADV | _ | 17 able | advmod |
| 17 | able | able | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 said | ccomp |
| 18 | to | to | PART | _ | 19 take | mark |
| 19 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 able | xcomp |
| 20 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 family | nmod:poss |
| 21 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 family | amod |
| 22 | family | family | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 take | obj |
| 23 | to | to | ADP | _ | 25 place | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 place | det |
| 25 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 take | obl |
| 26 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 30 grew | advmod |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 nuts | det |
| 28 | palm | palm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 nuts | compound |
| 29 | nuts | nut | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 grew | nsubj |
| 30 | grew | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 place | acl:relcl |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | the parrot | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | not go | could | the hare | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | is | past | plenty | able property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | take | to-infinitive | plenty not said here | plenty's own family | the place | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent family=Theme to place=Destination | |||
| 5 | grow | past | the palm nuts | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/16/6/