Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxiii.--why Edidor Killed Her Husband and Her Lover., sentence 23
Unfortunately for Ode, his wife Edidor had consulted a ju-ju man called Ekum at Inde, who had a very powerful medicine which enabled him to see what was going to happen, and this man told Edidor that her husband was on his way to catch her and take her home, and that if she wanted to stay at Inde she should hide herself at once.
Who acts: ju man, powerful medicine, man, husband, Inde · What happens: consult, call, have, enable, see, go · To what, where: wife, ju man, powerful medicine, Ode, Edidor, way · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxiii.--why Edidor Killed Her Husband and Her Lover.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ju man, powerful medicine, man, husband), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Unfortunately | unfortunately | ADV | _ | 9 consulted | advmod |
| 2 | for | for | ADP | _ | 3 Ode | case |
| 3 | Ode | Ode | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Unfortunately | obl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Unfortunately | punct |
| 5 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 wife | nmod:poss |
| 6 | wife | wife | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 consulted | nsubj:pass |
| 7 | Edidor | Edidor | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 wife | appos |
| 8 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 consulted | aux |
| 9 | consulted | consult | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 man | det |
| 11 | ju | ju | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 ju | compound |
| 12 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 11 ju | punct |
| 13 | ju | ju | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 man | compound |
| 14 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 consulted | obj |
| 15 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 man | acl |
| 16 | Ekum | Ekum | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 called | xcomp |
| 17 | at | at | ADP | _ | 18 Inde | case |
| 18 | Inde | Inde | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 Ekum | nmod |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 had | punct |
| 20 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 21 had | nsubj |
| 21 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 man | acl:relcl |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 medicine | det |
| 23 | very | very | ADV | _ | 24 powerful | advmod |
| 24 | powerful | powerful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 medicine | amod |
| 25 | medicine | medicine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 had | obj |
| 26 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 27 enabled | nsubj |
| 27 | enabled | enable | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 medicine | acl:relcl |
| 28 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 enabled | obj |
| 29 | to | to | PART | _ | 30 see | mark |
| 30 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 27 enabled | advcl |
| 31 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 33 going | nsubj |
| 32 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 going | aux |
| 33 | going | go | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 30 see | ccomp |
| 34 | to | to | PART | _ | 35 happen | mark |
| 35 | happen | happen | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 33 going | xcomp |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 told | punct |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 told | cc |
| 38 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 39 man | det |
| 39 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 told | nsubj |
| 40 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 consulted | parataxis |
| 41 | Edidor | Edidor | PROPN | Number=Sing | 40 told | iobj |
| 42 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 48 way | mark |
| 43 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 44 husband | nmod:poss |
| 44 | husband | husband | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 way | nsubj |
| 45 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 48 way | cop |
| 46 | on | on | ADP | _ | 48 way | case |
| 47 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 48 way | nmod:poss |
| 48 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 told | ccomp |
| 49 | to | to | PART | _ | 50 catch | mark |
| 50 | catch | catch | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 48 way | acl |
| 51 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 50 catch | obj |
| 52 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 53 take | cc |
| 53 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 50 catch | conj |
| 54 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 55 home | nmod:poss |
| 55 | home | home | NOUN | Number=Sing | 53 take | obj |
| 56 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 68 hide | punct |
| 57 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 68 hide | cc |
| 58 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 61 wanted | mark |
| 59 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 61 wanted | mark |
| 60 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 61 wanted | nsubj |
| 61 | wanted | want | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 68 hide | advcl |
| 62 | to | to | PART | _ | 63 stay | mark |
| 63 | stay | stay | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 61 wanted | xcomp |
| 64 | at | at | ADP | _ | 65 Inde | case |
| 65 | Inde | Inde | PROPN | Number=Sing | 63 stay | obl |
| 66 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 68 hide | nsubj |
| 67 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 68 hide | aux |
| 68 | hide | hide | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 40 told | conj |
| 69 | herself | herself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 68 hide | obj |
| 70 | at | at | ADP | _ | 71 once | case |
| 71 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 68 hide | obl |
| 72 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 consulted | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | consult | past · perfect · passive | Ode's wife | a ju man obj; unfortunately property | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP.attribute»: subject=Theme man=Attribute | ||||
| 2 | call | participle | a ju man not said here | Ekum at Inde xcomp | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | have | past | a ju man | a powerful medicine | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent medicine=Patient | ||||
| 4 | enable | past | a powerful medicine | Ode | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | see | to-infinitive | a powerful medicine not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 6 | go | past · progressive | what nsubj | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 7 | happen | to-infinitive | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 8 | tell speech: assert | past | this man | Edidor | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent edidor=Recipient | ||||
| 9 | is | past | Inde's husband | Ode's way | Ode nmod:poss | tree rules | |||
| 10 | catch | to-infinitive | this man not said here | Edidor | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Theme | ||||
| 11 | take | infinitive | this man not said here | Inde's home | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent home=Theme | ||||
| 12 | want a condition, not said to happen | past | Inde | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | |||||
| 13 | stay not said to happen | to-infinitive | Inde not said here | Inde | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at inde=Location | ||||
| 14 | hide | should | Inde | Inde | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent herself=Patient at once=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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