Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxiii.--why Edidor Killed Her Husband and Her Lover., sentence 59
After considering some time, the chiefs decided that they would not punish Edidor, and said that “The stone Ekum had thrown had returned and hit him.”
Who acts: chiefs, people · What happens: consider, decide, not punish, say, throw, return · To what, where: Edidor, stone, chief · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxiii.--why Edidor Killed Her Husband and Her Lover.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (chiefs, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | After | after | SCONJ | _ | 2 considering | mark |
| 2 | considering | consider | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 decided | advcl |
| 3 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 4 time | det |
| 4 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 considering | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 considering | punct |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 chiefs | det |
| 7 | chiefs | chief | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 decided | nsubj |
| 8 | decided | decide | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 13 punish | mark |
| 10 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 punish | nsubj |
| 11 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 13 punish | aux |
| 12 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 13 punish | advmod |
| 13 | punish | punish | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 decided | ccomp |
| 14 | Edidor | Edidor | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 punish | obj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 said | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 said | cc |
| 17 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 decided | conj |
| 18 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 24 thrown | mark |
| 19 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 21 stone | punct |
| 20 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 stone | det |
| 21 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 thrown | nsubj:pass |
| 22 | Ekum | Ekum | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 stone | appos |
| 23 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 thrown | aux |
| 24 | thrown | throw | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 said | ccomp |
| 25 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 returned | aux |
| 26 | returned | return | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 24 thrown | conj |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 hit | cc |
| 28 | hit | hit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 thrown | conj |
| 29 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 hit | obj |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 decided | punct |
| 31 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 decided | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | consider | gerund | the chiefs not said here | time | vn consider-29.9-1-1 «NP V whether/if S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | decide | past | the chiefs | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | not punish | would | people | Edidor | vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent edidor=Patient | ||||
| 4 | say speech: assert | past | the chiefs not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | throw in a quote | past · perfect · passive | the stone | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 6 | return in a quote | past · perfect | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 7 | hit in a quote | past | chief | vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme he=Co-Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/17/59/