Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 1, sentence 54
He then dipped his hand into the ju-ju pot, and having touched them one after the other on the forehead and breast, he told them to depart.
Who acts: Okpa · What happens: dip, have, touch, tell, depart · To what, where: hand, ju pot, men, forehead · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Okpa), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 dipped | nsubj |
| 2 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 dipped | advmod |
| 3 | dipped | dip | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 hand | nmod:poss |
| 5 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 dipped | obj |
| 6 | into | into | ADP | _ | 11 pot | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 pot | det |
| 8 | ju | ju | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 ju | compound |
| 9 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 8 ju | punct |
| 10 | ju | ju | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 pot | compound |
| 11 | pot | pot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 dipped | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 touched | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 touched | cc |
| 14 | having | have | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 15 touched | nsubj |
| 15 | touched | touch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 dipped | conj |
| 16 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 touched | obj |
| 17 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 15 touched | obj |
| 18 | after | after | ADP | _ | 20 other | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 other | det |
| 20 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 touched | obl |
| 21 | on | on | ADP | _ | 23 forehead | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 forehead | det |
| 23 | forehead | forehead | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 touched | obl |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 breast | cc |
| 25 | breast | breast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 forehead | conj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 told | punct |
| 27 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 told | nsubj |
| 28 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 dipped | conj |
| 29 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 told | iobj |
| 30 | to | to | PART | _ | 31 depart | mark |
| 31 | depart | depart | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 told | xcomp |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 dipped | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | dip | past | Okpa | Okpa's hand | the ju pot | then | vn funnel-9.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent hand=Theme into pot=Destination | ||
| 2 | have | gerund | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | touch | past | men = man | the forehead and breast | after the other | one obj | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Stimulus they=Experiencer one=Result | ||
| 4 | tell speech: assert | past | Okpa | men = man | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent they=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 5 | depart not said to happen | to-infinitive | Okpa not said here | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/18/54/