Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 2, sentence 22
So the hare went into the hole, and the old mother crab stood at the entrance with her large claws open ready and waiting for the enemy.
Who acts: hare, old mother crab · What happens: go, stand, wait · To what, where: hole, entrance
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hare, old mother crab), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 4 went | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 hare | det |
| 3 | hare | hare | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 went | nsubj |
| 4 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | into | into | ADP | _ | 7 hole | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 hole | det |
| 7 | hole | hole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 went | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 stood | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 stood | cc |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 crab | det |
| 11 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 crab | amod |
| 12 | mother | mother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 crab | compound |
| 13 | crab | crab | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 stood | nsubj |
| 14 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 went | conj |
| 15 | at | at | ADP | _ | 17 entrance | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 entrance | det |
| 17 | entrance | entrance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 stood | obl |
| 18 | with | with | ADP | _ | 21 claws | case |
| 19 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 claws | nmod:poss |
| 20 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 claws | amod |
| 21 | claws | claw | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 stood | obl |
| 22 | open | open | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 claws | amod |
| 23 | ready | ready | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 stood | conj |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 waiting | cc |
| 25 | waiting | wait | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 23 ready | conj |
| 26 | for | for | ADP | _ | 28 enemy | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 enemy | det |
| 28 | enemy | enemy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 waiting | obl |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | past | the hare | the hole | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into hole=Initial_Location | ||||
| 2 | stand | past | the old mother crab | the entrance | with crab's large claws | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent at entrance=Location | |||
| 3 | wait | gerund | the old mother crab not said here | for the enemy | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/19/22/