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Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 2, sentence 51

And as it was then dark the hare’s wife lit the lamp,[10] but the hare hid his tail in the darkness so that his wife could not see it, as the wound had not healed up.

Who acts: chief, hare, wife · What happens: be, light, hide, not see, not heal up · To what, where: lamp, tail, darkness, wound

This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (chief, hare, wife), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

ccmarknsubjcopadvmodadvcldetnmod:posscasensubjdetobjpunctpunctoblpunctccdetnsubjconjnmod:possobjcasedetoblmarkfixednmod:possnsubjauxadvmodadvclobjpunctmarkdetnsubj:passauxadvmodconjcompound:prtpunctrootAndCCONJasSCONJitPRONwasAUXthenADVdarkADJtheDEThareNOUN’sPARTwifeNOUNlitVERBtheDETlampNOUN,PUNCT[PUNCT10NUM]PUNCTbutCCONJtheDEThareNOUNhidVERBhisPRONtailNOUNinADPtheDETdarknessNOUNsoSCONJthatSCONJhisPRONwifeNOUNcouldAUXnotPARTseeVERBitPRON,PUNCTasSCONJtheDETwoundNOUNhadAUXnotPARThealedVERBupADP.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1AndandCCONJ_11 litcc
2asasSCONJ_6 darkmark
3ititPRONCase=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs6 darknsubj
4wasbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin6 darkcop
5thenthenADVPronType=Dem6 darkadvmod
6darkdarkADJDegree=Pos11 litadvcl
7thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art8 haredet
8harehareNOUNNumber=Sing10 wifenmod:poss
9’s'sPART_8 harecase
10wifewifeNOUNNumber=Sing6 darknsubj
11litlightVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Finrootroot
12thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art13 lampdet
13lamplampNOUNNumber=Sing11 litobj
14,,PUNCT_16 10punct
15[[PUNCT_16 10punct
161010NUMNumForm=Digit NumType=Card11 litobl
17]]PUNCT_16 10punct
18butbutCCONJ_21 hidcc
19thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art20 haredet
20harehareNOUNNumber=Sing21 hidnsubj
21hidhideVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin11 litconj
22hishisPRONCase=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs23 tailnmod:poss
23tailtailNOUNNumber=Sing21 hidobj
24ininADP_26 darknesscase
25thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art26 darknessdet
26darknessdarknessNOUNNumber=Sing21 hidobl
27sosoSCONJExtPos=SCONJ33 seemark
28thatthatSCONJ_27 sofixed
29hishisPRONCase=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs30 wifenmod:poss
30wifewifeNOUNNumber=Sing33 seensubj
31couldcouldAUXVerbForm=Fin33 seeaux
32notnotPARTPolarity=Neg33 seeadvmod
33seeseeVERBVerbForm=Inf21 hidadvcl
34ititPRONCase=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs33 seeobj
35,,PUNCT_41 healedpunct
36asasSCONJ_41 healedmark
37thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art38 wounddet
38woundwoundNOUNNumber=Sing41 healednsubj:pass
39hadhaveAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin41 healedaux
40notnotPARTPolarity=Neg41 healedadvmod
41healedhealVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass33 seeconj
42upupADP_41 healedcompound:prt
43..PUNCT_11 litpunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1ispastchiefthenthe hare's wife nsubj; dark propertytree rules
2lightpastthe lamp10 oblvn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lamp=Product
3hidepastthe harehare's tailthe darknessvn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent tail=Patient in darkness=Location
4not seecouldhare's wifetailvn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus
5not heal uppast · perfect · passivethe woundvn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/19/51/