Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 2, sentence 71
His wife then went on from one hare’s house to another, but each time her husband went on in front of her and deceived her in the same way, until at last she got tired and turned back to go home.
Who acts: wife · What happens: go on, deceive, get, turn back, go · To what, where: house, front, wife, same way
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wife), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 wife | nmod:poss |
| 2 | wife | wife | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 went | nsubj |
| 3 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 went | advmod |
| 4 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | on | on | ADV | _ | 4 went | advmod |
| 6 | from | from | ADP | _ | 10 house | case |
| 7 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 8 hare | nummod |
| 8 | hare | hare | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 house | nmod:poss |
| 9 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 8 hare | case |
| 10 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 went | obl |
| 11 | to | to | ADP | _ | 12 another | case |
| 12 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 10 house | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 went | punct |
| 14 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 19 went | cc |
| 15 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 16 time | det |
| 16 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 went | obl:unmarked |
| 17 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 husband | nmod:poss |
| 18 | husband | husband | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 time | nmod |
| 19 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 went | parataxis |
| 20 | on | on | ADP | _ | 19 went | compound:prt |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 front | case |
| 22 | front | front | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 went | obl |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 her | case |
| 24 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 front | nmod |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 deceived | cc |
| 26 | deceived | deceive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 went | conj |
| 27 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 deceived | obj |
| 28 | in | in | ADP | _ | 31 way | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 way | det |
| 30 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 way | amod |
| 31 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 deceived | obl |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 last | punct |
| 33 | until | until | ADP | _ | 35 last | case |
| 34 | at | at | ADP | _ | 35 last | case |
| 35 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 deceived | parataxis |
| 36 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 got | nsubj |
| 37 | got | get | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 35 last | acl:relcl |
| 38 | tired | tired | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 got | xcomp |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 turned | cc |
| 40 | turned | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 37 got | conj |
| 41 | back | back | ADV | _ | 40 turned | advmod |
| 42 | to | to | PART | _ | 43 go | mark |
| 43 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 40 turned | xcomp |
| 44 | home | home | ADV | _ | 43 go | advmod |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go on | past | hare's wife | one hare's house to another | then | vn function-105.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 2 | go on | past | front of wife | time | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in front=Location | ||||
| 3 | deceive | past | wife | the same way | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Patient | ||||
| 4 | get | past | wife | tired property | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 5 | turn back | past | wife not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | go | to-infinitive | wife not said here | home property | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/19/71/