Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 2, sentence 80
At Inkum in the olden days there dwelt a chief called Erim.
What happens: dwell, call · To what, where: chief, Inkum · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | At | at | ADP | _ | 2 Inkum | case |
| 2 | Inkum | Inkum | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 dwelt | obl |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 days | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 days | det |
| 5 | olden | olden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 days | amod |
| 6 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 dwelt | obl |
| 7 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 8 dwelt | advmod |
| 8 | dwelt | dwell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 chief | det |
| 10 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 dwelt | obj |
| 11 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 chief | acl |
| 12 | Erim | Erim | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 called | xcomp |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 dwelt | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | dwell | past | a chief | Inkum; there | day | vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme chief=Location | |||
| 2 | call | participle | a chief not said here | Erim xcomp | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/19/80/