Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 2, sentence 82
He was known throughout the country as a cruel man and a hard master.
What happens: know · To what, where: Inkum
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 known | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 known | aux:pass |
| 3 | known | know | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | throughout | throughout | ADP | _ | 6 country | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 country | det |
| 6 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 known | obl |
| 7 | as | as | ADP | _ | 10 man | case |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 man | det |
| 9 | cruel | cruel | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 man | amod |
| 10 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 known | obl |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 master | cc |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 master | det |
| 13 | hard | hard | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 master | amod |
| 14 | master | master | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 man | conj |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 known | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | know | past · passive | Inkum | throughout the country | as a cruel man and a hard master | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus as man=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/19/82/