Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 3, sentence 38
He also told the head slave to sacrifice the white cock and the goat to the ju-ju.
Who acts: Chief · What happens: tell, sacrifice · To what, where: head slave, white cock, ju ju · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Chief), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 told | nsubj |
| 2 | also | also | ADV | _ | 3 told | advmod |
| 3 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 slave | det |
| 5 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 slave | compound |
| 6 | slave | slave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 told | iobj |
| 7 | to | to | PART | _ | 8 sacrifice | mark |
| 8 | sacrifice | sacrifice | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 told | ccomp |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 cock | det |
| 10 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 cock | amod |
| 11 | cock | cock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 sacrifice | obj |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 goat | cc |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 goat | det |
| 14 | goat | goat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 cock | conj |
| 15 | to | to | ADP | _ | 19 ju | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 ju | det |
| 17 | ju | ju | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 ju | compound |
| 18 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 17 ju | punct |
| 19 | ju | ju | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 sacrifice | obl |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 told | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tell speech: assert | past | Chief | the head slave | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent slave=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | sacrifice not said to happen | to-infinitive | the white cock and the goat | the ju ju | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent cock=Theme to ju=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/20/38/