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Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 3, sentence 67

But the head slave told him that it was the custom for him to bury the dead body first, and that after the feast the keys would be handed over; he also added that everything in the house was as his brother Oga had left it, and that all the doors were locked.

Who acts: head slave, order, Odoggha, everything · What happens: tell, be, bury, hand over, add, leave · To what, where: Odoggha, custom, dead body, keys, brother, doors · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (head slave, order, Odoggha, everything), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

ccdetcompoundnsubjiobjmarknsubjcopdetccompcasenmodmarkxcompdetamodobjadvmodpunctccmarkcasedetadvcldetnsubj:passauxaux:passconjcompound:prtpunctnsubjadvmodconjmarknsubjcasedetnmodcopcasenmod:possnsubj:passapposauxadvclobjpunctccmarkdet:predetdetnsubj:passaux:passconjpunctrootButCCONJtheDETheadNOUNslaveNOUNtoldVERBhimPRONthatSCONJitPRONwasAUXtheDETcustomNOUNforADPhimPRONtoPARTburyVERBtheDETdeadADJbodyNOUNfirstADV,PUNCTandCCONJthatSCONJafterADPtheDETfeastNOUNtheDETkeysNOUNwouldAUXbeAUXhandedVERBoverADP;PUNCThePRONalsoADVaddedVERBthatSCONJeverythingPRONinADPtheDEThouseNOUNwasAUXasADPhisPRONbrotherNOUNOgaPROPNhadAUXleftVERBitPRON,PUNCTandCCONJthatSCONJallDETtheDETdoorsNOUNwereAUXlockedVERB.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ButbutCCONJ_5 toldcc
2thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art4 slavedet
3headheadNOUNNumber=Sing4 slavecompound
4slaveslaveNOUNNumber=Sing5 toldnsubj
5toldtellVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Finrootroot
6himhePRONCase=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs5 toldiobj
7thatthatSCONJ_11 custommark
8ititPRONCase=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs11 customnsubj
9wasbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin11 customcop
10thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art11 customdet
11customcustomNOUNNumber=Sing5 toldccomp
12forforADP_13 himcase
13himhePRONCase=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs11 customnmod
14totoPART_15 burymark
15buryburyVERBVerbForm=Inf5 toldxcomp
16thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art18 bodydet
17deaddeadADJDegree=Pos18 bodyamod
18bodybodyNOUNNumber=Sing15 buryobj
19firstfirstADVNumForm=Word NumType=Ord15 buryadvmod
20,,PUNCT_30 handedpunct
21andandCCONJ_30 handedcc
22thatthatSCONJ_25 feastmark
23afterafterADP_25 feastcase
24thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art25 feastdet
25feastfeastNOUNNumber=Sing30 handedadvcl
26thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art27 keysdet
27keyskeyNOUNNumber=Plur30 handednsubj:pass
28wouldwouldAUXVerbForm=Fin30 handedaux
29bebeAUXVerbForm=Inf30 handedaux:pass
30handedhandVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass5 toldconj
31overoverADP_30 handedcompound:prt
32;;PUNCT_35 addedpunct
33hehePRONCase=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs35 addednsubj
34alsoalsoADV_35 addedadvmod
35addedaddVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin5 toldconj
36thatthatSCONJ_47 leftmark
37everythingeverythingPRONNumber=Sing PronType=Tot44 brothernsubj
38ininADP_40 housecase
39thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art40 housedet
40househouseNOUNNumber=Sing37 everythingnmod
41wasbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin44 brothercop
42asasADP_44 brothercase
43hishisPRONCase=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs44 brothernmod:poss
44brotherbrotherNOUNNumber=Sing47 leftnsubj:pass
45OgaOgaPROPNNumber=Sing44 brotherappos
46hadhaveAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin47 leftaux
47leftleaveVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass35 addedadvcl
48ititPRONCase=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs47 leftobj
49,,PUNCT_56 lockedpunct
50andandCCONJ_56 lockedcc
51thatthatSCONJ_56 lockedmark
52allallDETPronType=Tot54 doorsdet:predet
53thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art54 doorsdet
54doorsdoorNOUNNumber=Plur56 lockednsubj:pass
55werebeAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin56 lockedaux:pass
56lockedlockVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass47 leftconj
57..PUNCT_5 toldpunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1tell speech: assertpastthe head slaveOdogghavn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic
2is apastorderthe customfor Odogghatree rules
3bury not said to happento-infinitivethe head slave not said herethe dead bodyfirst propertyvn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent body=Theme
4hand overwould · passivethe keysthe feast advclvn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
5add speech: assertpastOdogghavn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
6ispasteverything in the houseas Odoggha's brother; Odoggha nmod:poss; Oga appostree rules
7leavepast · perfect · passiveOdoggha's brotherorder objvn sustain-55.6-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Theme it=Attribute
8lockpast · passiveall doorsvn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/20/67/