Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 4, sentence 1
After this Odoggha Eyu sent to the house where the brass pans, jugs, plates and other valuables used to be kept, and opened the door, only to find that it was as empty as the other house.
Who acts: brass pans, door · What happens: send, use, keep, open, find, be · To what, where: house, door
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (brass pans, door), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | After | after | ADP | _ | 4 Eyu | case |
| 2 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 4 Eyu | nsubj |
| 3 | Odoggha | Odoggha | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 Eyu | compound |
| 4 | Eyu | Eyu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 sent | obl |
| 5 | sent | send | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 house | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 house | det |
| 8 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 sent | obl |
| 9 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 20 used | advmod |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 pans | det |
| 11 | brass | brass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 pans | compound |
| 12 | pans | pan | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 used | nsubj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 jugs | punct |
| 14 | jugs | jug | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 pans | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 plates | punct |
| 16 | plates | plate | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 pans | conj |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 valuables | cc |
| 18 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 valuables | amod |
| 19 | valuables | valuable | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 pans | conj |
| 20 | used | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 house | acl:relcl |
| 21 | to | to | PART | _ | 23 kept | mark |
| 22 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 23 kept | aux:pass |
| 23 | kept | keep | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 used | xcomp |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 opened | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 opened | cc |
| 26 | opened | open | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 sent | parataxis |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 door | det |
| 28 | door | door | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 opened | obj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 find | punct |
| 30 | only | only | ADV | _ | 32 find | advmod |
| 31 | to | to | PART | _ | 32 find | mark |
| 32 | find | find | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 26 opened | conj |
| 33 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 37 empty | mark |
| 34 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 empty | nsubj |
| 35 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 37 empty | cop |
| 36 | as | as | ADV | _ | 37 empty | advmod |
| 37 | empty | empty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 find | advcl |
| 38 | as | as | ADP | _ | 41 house | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 house | det |
| 40 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 house | amod |
| 41 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 empty | obl |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 sent | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | send | past | the house | after Odoggha Eyu this | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent to house=Destination | ||||
| 2 | use | past | the brass pans and jugs and plates and other valuables | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 3 | keep | to-infinitive · passive | the brass pans and jugs and plates and other valuables not said here | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP» | |||||
| 4 | open | past | the door | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location door=Theme | |||||
| 5 | find | to-infinitive | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 6 | is | past | door | as the other house; empty property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/21/1/