Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 4, sentence 10
Hence the saying, “A small ju-ju has a small sacrifice, and a big ju-ju has a big sacrifice.”
Who acts: small ju ju, big ju ju · What happens: have · To what, where: saying, big sacrifice
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxv.--how Two Bendega Young Men Changed Their Skins., part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (small ju ju, big ju ju), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hence | hence | ADV | _ | 3 saying | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 saying | det |
| 3 | saying | saying | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 has | obl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 saying | punct |
| 5 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 11 has | punct |
| 6 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 ju | det |
| 7 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 ju | amod |
| 8 | ju | ju | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 ju | compound |
| 9 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 8 ju | punct |
| 10 | ju | ju | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 has | nsubj |
| 11 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 sacrifice | det |
| 13 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 sacrifice | amod |
| 14 | sacrifice | sacrifice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 has | obj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 has | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 has | cc |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 ju | det |
| 18 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 ju | amod |
| 19 | ju | ju | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 ju | compound |
| 20 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 19 ju | punct |
| 21 | ju | ju | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 has | nsubj |
| 22 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 has | conj |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 sacrifice | det |
| 24 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 sacrifice | amod |
| 25 | sacrifice | sacrifice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 has | obj |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 has | punct |
| 27 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 11 has | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have in a quote | present | a small ju ju | the saying | a small sacrifice obj | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sacrifice=Patient | |||
| 2 | have in a quote | present | a big ju ju | a big sacrifice | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sacrifice=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/21/10/