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Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxxi.--chief Kekong’s Daughter ’ndere Who Married a Python., part 2, sentence 11

Now in Chief Kaku’s country there was a stream full of cat-fish (Akpambi), but no one ever caught them, and when the people went to the stream to get water the fish would look at them without any fear. ’

Who acts: one, people, fish · What happens: be, go, get, look · To what, where: stream, water

This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxxi.--chief Kekong’s Daughter ’ndere Who Married a Python., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one, people, fish), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

advmodcasenmod:possflatcaseoblexplcopdetnsubjamodcasecompoundpunctoblpunctappospunctpunctccdetnsubjadvmodobjpunctccadvmoddetnsubjconjcasedetoblmarkadvclobjdetnsubjauxconjcaseoblcasedetoblpunctpunctrootNowADVinADPChiefPROPNKakuPROPN’sPARTcountryNOUNtherePRONwasAUXaDETstreamNOUNfullADJofADPcatNOUN-PUNCTfishNOUN(PUNCTAkpambiPROPN)PUNCT,PUNCTbutCCONJnoDEToneNOUNeverADVcaughtVERBthemPRON,PUNCTandCCONJwhenADVtheDETpeopleNOUNwentVERBtoADPtheDETstreamNOUNtoPARTgetVERBwaterNOUNtheDETfishNOUNwouldAUXlookVERBatADPthemPRONwithoutADPanyDETfearNOUN.PUNCT’PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1NownowADVPronType=Dem8 wasadvmod
2ininADP_6 countrycase
3ChiefChiefPROPNNumber=Sing6 countrynmod:poss
4KakuKakuPROPNNumber=Sing3 Chiefflat
5’s'sPART_3 Chiefcase
6countrycountryNOUNNumber=Sing8 wasobl
7theretherePRONPronType=Dem8 wasexpl
8wasbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin24 caughtcop
9aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art10 streamdet
10streamstreamNOUNNumber=Sing8 wasnsubj
11fullfullADJDegree=Pos10 streamamod
12ofofADP_15 fishcase
13catcatNOUNNumber=Sing15 fishcompound
14--PUNCT_13 catpunct
15fishfishNOUNNumber=Sing11 fullobl
16((PUNCT_17 Akpambipunct
17AkpambiAkpambiPROPNNumber=Sing15 fishappos
18))PUNCT_17 Akpambipunct
19,,PUNCT_24 caughtpunct
20butbutCCONJ_24 caughtcc
21nonoDETPronType=Neg22 onedet
22oneoneNOUNNumber=Sing24 caughtnsubj
23evereverADVPronType=Ind24 caughtadvmod
24caughtcatchVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Finrootroot
25themtheyPRONCase=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs24 caughtobj
26,,PUNCT_31 wentpunct
27andandCCONJ_31 wentcc
28whenwhenADVPronType=Int31 wentadvmod
29thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art30 peopledet
30peoplepeopleNOUNNumber=Plur31 wentnsubj
31wentgoVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin24 caughtconj
32totoADP_34 streamcase
33thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art34 streamdet
34streamstreamNOUNNumber=Sing31 wentobl
35totoPART_36 getmark
36getgetVERBVerbForm=Inf31 wentadvcl
37waterwaterNOUNNumber=Sing36 getobj
38thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art39 fishdet
39fishfishNOUNNumber=Sing41 looknsubj
40wouldwouldAUXVerbForm=Fin41 lookaux
41looklookVERBVerbForm=Inf36 getconj
42atatADP_43 themcase
43themtheyPRONCase=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs41 lookobl
44withoutwithoutADP_46 fearcase
45anyanyDETPronType=Ind46 feardet
46fearfearNOUNNumber=Sing41 lookobl
47..PUNCT_24 caughtpunct
48’'PUNCT_24 caughtpunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1ispastno oneeverpeople obj; catch propertytree rules
2gopastthe peoplethe streamvn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to stream=Initial_Location
3getto-infinitivethe people not said herewatervn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer water=Stimulus
4lookwouldthe fishat people; without any fearvn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at they=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/25/11/