Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxxi.--chief Kekong’s Daughter ’ndere Who Married a Python., part 2, sentence 6
As they could not discover who had killed the python, they met together and decided that for the future they would not make any more farms or live in the towns, as the men were jealous of them on account of the python having married ’Ndere.
Who acts: men, more farms, python · What happens: not discover, kill, meet, decide, not make, live · To what, where: python, more farms, towns, account · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxxi.--chief Kekong’s Daughter ’ndere Who Married a Python., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (men, more farms, python), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | SCONJ | _ | 5 discover | mark |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 discover | nsubj |
| 3 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 discover | aux |
| 4 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 5 discover | advmod |
| 5 | discover | discover | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 met | advcl |
| 6 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 killed | nsubj:pass |
| 7 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 killed | aux |
| 8 | killed | kill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 discover | ccomp |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 python | det |
| 10 | python | python | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 killed | obj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 met | punct |
| 12 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 met | nsubj |
| 13 | met | meet | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 14 | together | together | ADV | _ | 13 met | advmod |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 decided | cc |
| 16 | decided | decide | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 met | conj |
| 17 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 24 make | mark |
| 18 | for | for | ADP | _ | 20 future | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 future | det |
| 20 | future | future | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 make | obl |
| 21 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 make | nsubj |
| 22 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 24 make | aux |
| 23 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 24 make | advmod |
| 24 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 decided | ccomp |
| 25 | any | any | ADV | _ | 26 more | advmod |
| 26 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 27 farms | amod |
| 27 | farms | farm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 make | obj |
| 28 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 29 live | cc |
| 29 | live | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 farms | acl:relcl |
| 30 | in | in | ADP | _ | 32 towns | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 towns | det |
| 32 | towns | town | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 live | obl |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 jealous | punct |
| 34 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 38 jealous | mark |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 men | det |
| 36 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 jealous | nsubj |
| 37 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 38 jealous | cop |
| 38 | jealous | jealous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 make | conj |
| 39 | of | of | ADP | _ | 40 them | case |
| 40 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 jealous | obl |
| 41 | on | on | ADP | _ | 42 account | case |
| 42 | account | account | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 jealous | obl |
| 43 | of | of | ADP | _ | 45 python | case |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 python | det |
| 45 | python | python | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 account | nmod |
| 46 | having | have | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 45 python | acl |
| 47 | married | marry | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 46 having | xcomp |
| 48 | ’ | ' | X | _ | 47 married | conj |
| 49 | Ndere | Ndere | PROPN | Number=Sing | 48 ’ | goeswith |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 met | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not discover | could | men = man | vn discover-84-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | kill | past · perfect · passive | the python | who nsubj:pass | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Experiencer python=Result | ||||
| 3 | meet | past | men = man | together property | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | decide | past | men = man not said here | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | not make | would | men = man | more farms | for the future | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent farm=Product for future=Asset | |||
| 6 | live | present | more farms not said here | the towns | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in town=Location | ||||
| 7 | is | past | the men | account of the python | of towns = town; jealous property | tree rules | |||
| 8 | have | gerund | the python not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 9 | marry | participle | the python not said here | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 10 | account | the python | nom account «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/25/6/