Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxxi.--chief Kekong’s Daughter ’ndere Who Married a Python., part 2, sentence 65
The woman placed her load in the forked branches of a tree near the stream, and, stepping into the pool, commenced to drink out of her hands.
Who acts: woman, stepping · What happens: place, fork, step, commence, drink out · To what, where: load, forked branches, pool, hands
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxxi.--chief Kekong’s Daughter ’ndere Who Married a Python., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (woman, stepping), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 woman | det |
| 2 | woman | woman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 placed | nsubj |
| 3 | placed | place | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 load | nmod:poss |
| 5 | load | load | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 placed | obj |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 branches | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 branches | det |
| 8 | forked | fork | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 branches | amod |
| 9 | branches | branch | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 placed | obl |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 tree | case |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 tree | det |
| 12 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 branches | nmod |
| 13 | near | near | ADP | _ | 15 stream | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 stream | det |
| 15 | stream | stream | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 tree | nmod |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 commenced | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 commenced | cc |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 stepping | punct |
| 19 | stepping | step | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 24 commenced | csubj:pass |
| 20 | into | into | ADP | _ | 22 pool | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 pool | det |
| 22 | pool | pool | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 stepping | obl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 commenced | punct |
| 24 | commenced | commence | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 placed | conj |
| 25 | to | to | PART | _ | 26 drink | mark |
| 26 | drink | drink | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 commenced | xcomp |
| 27 | out | out | ADP | _ | 30 hands | case |
| 28 | of | of | ADP | _ | 30 hands | case |
| 29 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 30 hands | nmod:poss |
| 30 | hands | hand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 drink | obl |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 placed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | place | past | the woman | stream's load | the forked branches of a tree near the stream | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent load=Theme in branch=Destination | |||
| 2 | fork | participle | vn pocket-9.10 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | step | gerund | the pool | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into pool=Destination | |||||
| 4 | commence | participle | stepping | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 5 | drink out | to-infinitive | stepping not said here | stream's hands | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/25/65/