Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxxi.--chief Kekong’s Daughter ’ndere Who Married a Python., part 2, sentence 83
Here at last they managed to wash without any interruption from the bird, and when they were ready they walked on into the town, which they found almost deserted, as all the men and women were absent hunting and fishing.
Who acts: cows, men · What happens: manage, wash, be, walk on, desert · To what, where: town
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxxi.--chief Kekong’s Daughter ’ndere Who Married a Python., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cows, men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | 5 managed | advmod |
| 2 | at | at | ADP | _ | 3 last | case |
| 3 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 1 Here | obl |
| 4 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 managed | nsubj |
| 5 | managed | manage | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 wash | mark |
| 7 | wash | wash | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 managed | xcomp |
| 8 | without | without | ADP | _ | 10 interruption | case |
| 9 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 10 interruption | det |
| 10 | interruption | interruption | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 wash | obl |
| 11 | from | from | ADP | _ | 13 bird | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 bird | det |
| 13 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 wash | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 ready | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 ready | cc |
| 16 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 19 ready | advmod |
| 17 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 ready | nsubj |
| 18 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 ready | cop |
| 19 | ready | ready | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 managed | advcl |
| 20 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 walked | nsubj |
| 21 | walked | walk | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 ready | acl:relcl |
| 22 | on | on | ADV | _ | 21 walked | advmod |
| 23 | into | into | ADP | _ | 25 town | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 town | det |
| 25 | town | town | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 walked | obl |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 deserted | punct |
| 27 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 31 deserted | nsubj:pass |
| 28 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 deserted | nsubj:pass |
| 29 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 deserted | aux:pass |
| 30 | almost | almost | ADV | _ | 31 deserted | advmod |
| 31 | deserted | desert | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 25 town | acl:relcl |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 hunting | punct |
| 33 | as | as | ADP | _ | 41 hunting | case |
| 34 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 36 men | det:predet |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 men | det |
| 36 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 hunting | nsubj |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 women | cc |
| 38 | women | woman | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 men | conj |
| 39 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 41 hunting | cop |
| 40 | absent | absent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 hunting | amod |
| 41 | hunting | hunting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 deserted | obl |
| 42 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 fishing | cc |
| 43 | fishing | fishing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 hunting | conj |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 managed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | manage | past | cows = cow | here | vn succeed-74-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | wash | to-infinitive | cows = cow not said here | without any interruption; from the bird | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | is | past | cows = cow | ready property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | walk on | past | cows = cow | into the town result | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into town=Result | ||||
| 5 | desert | past · passive | the town | cows = cow nsubj:pass; almost property | vn leave-51.2-1 «NP V NP.initial_location»: subject=Source | ||||
| 6 | is | past | all men and women | as absent hunting and fishing; fishing conj | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/25/83/