Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxxi.--chief Kekong’s Daughter ’ndere Who Married a Python., part 2, sentence 86
Here shall I stay in the town until Chief Alobi and the hunters return, when I will tell them that you have broken their hunting law and you will be killed.”
Who acts: I, hunters, you · What happens: stay, return, tell, break, kill · To what, where: town, hunters, hunting law, you · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxxi.--chief Kekong’s Daughter ’ndere Who Married a Python., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, hunters, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 stay | advmod |
| 2 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 stay | aux |
| 3 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 stay | nsubj |
| 4 | stay | stay | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 town | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 town | det |
| 7 | town | town | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 stay | obl |
| 8 | until | until | ADP | _ | 9 Chief | case |
| 9 | Chief | Chief | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 stay | obl |
| 10 | Alobi | Alobi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 Chief | flat |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 return | cc |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 hunters | det |
| 13 | hunters | hunter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 return | nsubj |
| 14 | return | return | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 stay | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 tell | punct |
| 16 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 19 tell | advmod |
| 17 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 19 tell | nsubj |
| 18 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 19 tell | aux |
| 19 | tell | tell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 stay | conj |
| 20 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 tell | iobj |
| 21 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 24 broken | mark |
| 22 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 24 broken | nsubj |
| 23 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 broken | aux |
| 24 | broken | break | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 19 tell | advcl |
| 25 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 law | nmod:poss |
| 26 | hunting | hunting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 law | compound |
| 27 | law | law | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 broken | obj |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 killed | cc |
| 29 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 32 killed | nsubj:pass |
| 30 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 32 killed | aux |
| 31 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 32 killed | aux:pass |
| 32 | killed | kill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 24 broken | conj |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 19 tell | punct |
| 34 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 19 tell | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stay | shall | I | the town; here | until Chief | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in town=Location | |||
| 2 | return | present | the hunters | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | tell speech: assert | future | I | hunters = hunter | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Recipient | ||||
| 4 | break | present · perfect | you | hunters's hunting law | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer law=Patient | ||||
| 5 | kill | future · passive | you | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/25/86/