Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Xxxi.--chief Kekong’s Daughter ’ndere Who Married a Python., part 3, sentence 78
The chief and his wife had a quarrel, which ended in his fining her 1,200 rods, which was the price of a slave, and said that the whole of her family would have to help to pay.
Who acts: chief, quarrel, 1,200 rods, family · What happens: have, end, fine, be, say, help · To what, where: quarrel, 1,200 rods, price · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Xxxi.--chief Kekong’s Daughter ’ndere Who Married a Python., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (chief, quarrel, 1,200 rods, family), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 chief | det |
| 2 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 had | nsubj |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 wife | cc |
| 4 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 wife | nmod:poss |
| 5 | wife | wife | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 chief | conj |
| 6 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 quarrel | det |
| 8 | quarrel | quarrel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 had | obj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 ended | punct |
| 10 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 ended | nsubj |
| 11 | ended | end | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 quarrel | acl:relcl |
| 12 | in | in | SCONJ | _ | 14 fining | mark |
| 13 | his | his | PRON | Gender=Masc Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 fining | nsubj |
| 14 | fining | fine | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 11 ended | advcl |
| 15 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 rods | nmod:poss |
| 16 | 1,200 | 1200 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 17 rods | nummod |
| 17 | rods | rod | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 fining | obj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 price | punct |
| 19 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 22 price | nsubj |
| 20 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 price | cop |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 price | det |
| 22 | price | price | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 rods | nmod |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 slave | case |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 slave | det |
| 25 | slave | slave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 price | nmod |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 said | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 said | cc |
| 28 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 had | parataxis |
| 29 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 31 whole | mark |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 whole | det |
| 31 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 said | xcomp |
| 32 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 36 have | mark |
| 33 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 34 family | nmod:poss |
| 34 | family | family | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 have | nsubj |
| 35 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 36 have | aux |
| 36 | have | have | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 31 whole | advcl |
| 37 | to | to | PART | _ | 38 help | mark |
| 38 | help | help | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 36 have | xcomp |
| 39 | to | to | PART | _ | 40 pay | mark |
| 40 | pay | pay | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 38 help | xcomp |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | the chief and chief's wife | a quarrel | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent quarrel=Patient | ||||
| 2 | end | past | a quarrel | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | |||||
| 3 | fine | gerund | chief | wife's 1,200 rods | vn bill-54.5-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent rod=Recipient | ||||
| 4 | is a | past | wife's 1,200 rods | the price | of a slave | tree rules | |||
| 5 | say speech: assert | past | whole property | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | have | would | wife's family | tree rules | |||||
| 7 | help | to-infinitive | wife's family not said here | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 8 | pay | to-infinitive | wife's family not said here | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/26/78/