Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Fig. 2.--chief Indoma’s Compound., sentence 19
They are boiled in three different waters, and so that each water is steamed away before the fresh water is added.
What happens: boil, steam away, add · To what, where: yams, water, fresh water
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Fig. 2.--chief Indoma’s Compound.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 boiled | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 boiled | aux:pass |
| 3 | boiled | boil | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 waters | case |
| 5 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 7 waters | nummod |
| 6 | different | different | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 waters | amod |
| 7 | waters | water | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 boiled | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 steamed | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 steamed | cc |
| 10 | so | so | SCONJ | ExtPos=SCONJ | 15 steamed | mark |
| 11 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 10 so | fixed |
| 12 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 13 water | det |
| 13 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 steamed | nsubj:pass |
| 14 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 steamed | aux:pass |
| 15 | steamed | steam | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 boiled | conj |
| 16 | away | away | ADV | _ | 15 steamed | advmod |
| 17 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 22 added | mark |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 water | det |
| 19 | fresh | fresh | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 water | amod |
| 20 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 added | nsubj:pass |
| 21 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 added | aux:pass |
| 22 | added | add | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 15 steamed | advcl |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 boiled | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | boil | present · passive | yams = yam | in three different waters | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient in water=Instrument | ||||
| 2 | steam away | present · passive | each water | away property | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 3 | add speech: assert | present · passive | the fresh water | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/29/19/