Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, E. Dayrell., sentence 45
Then they offered him cows, sheep, goats, and pigs, all of which the hawk refused with scorn.
Who acts: people, all · What happens: offer, refuse · To what, where: cows, boy
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, E. Dayrell.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, all), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 offered | advmod |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 offered | nsubj |
| 3 | offered | offer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 offered | iobj |
| 5 | cows | cow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 offered | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 sheep | punct |
| 7 | sheep | sheep | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 cows | conj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 goats | punct |
| 9 | goats | goat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 cows | conj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 pigs | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 pigs | cc |
| 12 | pigs | pig | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 offered | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 refused | punct |
| 14 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 19 refused | nsubj |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 which | case |
| 16 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 19 refused | obl |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 hawk | det |
| 18 | hawk | hawk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 refused | nsubj |
| 19 | refused | refuse | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 offered | conj |
| 20 | with | with | ADP | _ | 21 scorn | case |
| 21 | scorn | scorn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 refused | obl |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 offered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | offer | past | people | cows and sheep and goats | boy | then | pigs obl | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: agent=Agent he=Goal cow=Theme | |
| 2 | refuse | past | all | with scorn; which obl; the hawk nsubj | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/3/45/