Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Ii.--the Cunning Hare; Or, Why the Tortoise Has a Patched Shell., sentence 100
Inkang then said, “We must hide the boy in the house until he grows up, so that the people will not know what we have got.”
Who acts: Inkang, We, boy, people · What happens: say, hide, grow up, not know, get · To what, where: boy, house · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Ii.--the Cunning Hare; Or, Why the Tortoise Has a Patched Shell.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Inkang, We, boy, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Inkang | Inkang | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 said | nsubj |
| 2 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 said | advmod |
| 3 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 hide | punct |
| 5 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 hide | punct |
| 6 | We | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 8 hide | nsubj |
| 7 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 8 hide | aux |
| 8 | hide | hide | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 said | ccomp |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 boy | det |
| 10 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 hide | obj |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 house | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 house | det |
| 13 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 hide | obl |
| 14 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 16 grows | mark |
| 15 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 grows | nsubj |
| 16 | grows | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 hide | advcl |
| 17 | up | up | ADP | _ | 16 grows | compound:prt |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 know | punct |
| 19 | so | so | SCONJ | ExtPos=SCONJ | 25 know | mark |
| 20 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 19 so | fixed |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 people | det |
| 22 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 know | nsubj |
| 23 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 25 know | aux |
| 24 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 25 know | advmod |
| 25 | know | know | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 hide | conj |
| 26 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 29 got | obj |
| 27 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 29 got | nsubj |
| 28 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 got | aux |
| 29 | got | get | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 25 know | ccomp |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
| 31 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | Inkang | then | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | hide in a quote | must | We | the boy | the house | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent boy=Patient in house=Location | |||
| 3 | grow up in a quote | present | boy | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | not know in a quote | future | the people | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 5 | get in a quote | present · perfect | we | what obj | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer what=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/4/100/