Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Ii.--the Cunning Hare; Or, Why the Tortoise Has a Patched Shell., sentence 102
When the planting season came round, which is towards the end of the dry season, the chief and his wife used to go off every morning early to their farm, returning in the evening.
Who acts: planting season, chief · What happens: come round, be, use, go off, return · To what, where: dry season
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Ii.--the Cunning Hare; Or, Why the Tortoise Has a Patched Shell.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (planting season, chief), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | SCONJ | _ | 5 came | mark |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 season | det |
| 3 | planting | planting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 season | compound |
| 4 | season | season | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 came | nsubj |
| 5 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | round | round | ADV | _ | 5 came | advmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 end | punct |
| 8 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 12 end | nsubj |
| 9 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 end | cop |
| 10 | towards | towards | ADP | _ | 12 end | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 end | det |
| 12 | end | end | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 came | obl |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 season | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 season | det |
| 15 | dry | dry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 season | amod |
| 16 | season | season | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 end | nmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 chief | punct |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 chief | det |
| 19 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 used | nsubj |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 wife | cc |
| 21 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 wife | nmod:poss |
| 22 | wife | wife | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 chief | conj |
| 23 | used | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 season | acl:relcl |
| 24 | to | to | PART | _ | 25 go | mark |
| 25 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 used | xcomp |
| 26 | off | off | ADP | _ | 25 go | compound:prt |
| 27 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 28 morning | det |
| 28 | morning | morning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 go | obl:unmarked |
| 29 | early | early | ADV | Degree=Pos | 25 go | advmod |
| 30 | to | to | ADP | _ | 32 farm | case |
| 31 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 farm | nmod:poss |
| 32 | farm | farm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 early | obl |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 returning | punct |
| 34 | returning | return | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 25 go | advcl |
| 35 | in | in | ADP | _ | 37 evening | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 evening | det |
| 37 | evening | evening | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 returning | obl |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come round | past | the planting season | round property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | is | present | towards the end; season | which nsubj | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | use | past | the chief and chief's wife | the dry season not said here | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent season=Theme clause=Eventuality | ||||
| 4 | go off | to-infinitive | the chief and chief's wife not said here | morning | early property | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme | |||
| 5 | return | gerund | the chief and chief's wife not said here | evening | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/4/102/