Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Ii.--the Cunning Hare; Or, Why the Tortoise Has a Patched Shell., sentence 13
You must have defiled it yourself, and I shall report you.”
Who acts: You, I · What happens: defile, report · To what, where: place, you
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Ii.--the Cunning Hare; Or, Why the Tortoise Has a Patched Shell.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (You, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | You | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 4 defiled | nsubj |
| 2 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 defiled | aux |
| 3 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 4 defiled | aux |
| 4 | defiled | defile | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 defiled | obj |
| 6 | yourself | yourself | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 4 defiled | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 report | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 report | cc |
| 9 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 11 report | nsubj |
| 10 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 11 report | aux |
| 11 | report | report | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 defiled | parataxis |
| 12 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 11 report | obj |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 report | punct |
| 14 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 11 report | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | defile | must · perfect | You | place | yourself obl | tree rules | |||
| 2 | report | shall | I | you | vn prosecute-33.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/4/13/