Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Ii.--the Cunning Hare; Or, Why the Tortoise Has a Patched Shell., sentence 39
The tortoise at once placed his wife on guard over the meat, and went off into the bush to cut rubber.
Who acts: tortoise · What happens: place, go off, cut · To what, where: wife, guard, bush, rubber
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Ii.--the Cunning Hare; Or, Why the Tortoise Has a Patched Shell.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tortoise), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 tortoise | det |
| 2 | tortoise | tortoise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 placed | nsubj |
| 3 | at | at | ADP | _ | 4 once | case |
| 4 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 5 placed | obl |
| 5 | placed | place | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 wife | nmod:poss |
| 7 | wife | wife | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 placed | obj |
| 8 | on | on | ADP | _ | 9 guard | case |
| 9 | guard | guard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 placed | obl |
| 10 | over | over | ADP | _ | 12 meat | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 meat | det |
| 12 | meat | meat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 placed | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 went | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 went | cc |
| 15 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 placed | conj |
| 16 | off | off | ADP | _ | 15 went | compound:prt |
| 17 | into | into | ADP | _ | 19 bush | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 bush | det |
| 19 | bush | bush | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 went | obl |
| 20 | to | to | PART | _ | 21 cut | mark |
| 21 | cut | cut | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 went | advcl |
| 22 | rubber | rubber | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 cut | obj |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 placed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | place | past | the tortoise | tortoise's wife | guard | over the meat | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent wife=Theme on guard=Destination | ||
| 2 | go off | past | the tortoise not said here | the bush | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | cut | to-infinitive | the tortoise not said here | rubber | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset rubber=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/4/39/