Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Ii.--the Cunning Hare; Or, Why the Tortoise Has a Patched Shell., sentence 46
So he made a big fire and put the meat on, and then covered it all over with the rubber he had brought back with him from the bush.
Who acts: animal · What happens: make, put on, cover, bring back · To what, where: big fire, meat, rubber, bush
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Ii.--the Cunning Hare; Or, Why the Tortoise Has a Patched Shell.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (animal), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 3 made | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 made | nsubj |
| 3 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 fire | det |
| 5 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 fire | amod |
| 6 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 made | obj |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 put | cc |
| 8 | put | put | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 made | conj |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 meat | det |
| 10 | meat | meat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 put | obj |
| 11 | on | on | ADP | _ | 8 put | compound:prt |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 covered | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 covered | cc |
| 14 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 15 covered | advmod |
| 15 | covered | cover | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 made | conj |
| 16 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 covered | obj |
| 17 | all | all | ADV | _ | 18 over | advmod |
| 18 | over | over | ADV | _ | 15 covered | advmod |
| 19 | with | with | ADP | _ | 21 rubber | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 rubber | det |
| 21 | rubber | rubber | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 covered | obl |
| 22 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 brought | nsubj |
| 23 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 brought | aux |
| 24 | brought | bring | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 21 rubber | acl:relcl |
| 25 | back | back | ADV | _ | 24 brought | advmod |
| 26 | with | with | ADP | _ | 27 him | case |
| 27 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 brought | obl |
| 28 | from | from | ADP | _ | 30 bush | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 bush | det |
| 30 | bush | bush | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 brought | obl |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 made | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | past | animal | a big fire | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fire=Product | ||||
| 2 | put on | infinitive | animal not said here | the meat | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent meat=Goal | ||||
| 3 | cover | past | animal not said here | meat | then | with the rubber; over property | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Destination with rubber=Theme | ||
| 4 | bring back | past · perfect | animal | the rubber not said here | the bush | with tortoise | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent rubber=Theme from bush=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/4/46/