Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Ii.--the Cunning Hare; Or, Why the Tortoise Has a Patched Shell., sentence 61

The hare was found guilty, and was ordered to pay a large number of brass rods, and he was told that if they were not forthcoming, he would be killed, and that his mother and sister would be killed with him, as he had been the cause of the death of so many animals.

Who acts: rods, hare, many animals · What happens: find, order, pay, tell, not be, kill · To what, where: hare, large number, mother, cause · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Ii.--the Cunning Hare; Or, Why the Tortoise Has a Patched Shell.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rods, hare, many animals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 hare	det
2	hare	hare	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 found	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 found	aux:pass
4	found	find	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	guilty	guilty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 found	xcomp
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 ordered	punct
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 ordered	cc
8	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 ordered	aux:pass
9	ordered	order	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 found	conj
10	to	to	PART	_	11 pay	mark
11	pay	pay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 ordered	xcomp
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 number	det
13	large	large	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 number	amod
14	number	number	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 pay	obj
15	of	of	ADP	_	17 rods	case
16	brass	brass	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 rods	compound
17	rods	rod	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 number	nmod
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 told	punct
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 told	cc
20	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 told	nsubj
21	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	22 told	aux:pass
22	told	tell	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 found	conj
23	that	that	SCONJ	_	33 killed	mark
24	if	if	SCONJ	_	28 forthcoming	mark
25	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 forthcoming	nsubj
26	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	28 forthcoming	cop
27	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	28 forthcoming	advmod
28	forthcoming	forthcoming	ADJ	Degree=Pos	33 killed	advcl
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 forthcoming	punct
30	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	33 killed	nsubj:pass
31	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	33 killed	aux
32	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	33 killed	aux:pass
33	killed	kill	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	22 told	ccomp
34	,	,	PUNCT	_	43 killed	punct
35	and	and	CCONJ	_	43 killed	cc
36	that	that	SCONJ	_	43 killed	mark
37	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	38 mother	nmod:poss
38	mother	mother	NOUN	Number=Sing	43 killed	nsubj
39	and	and	CCONJ	_	40 sister	cc
40	sister	sister	NOUN	Number=Sing	38 mother	conj
41	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	43 killed	aux
42	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	43 killed	aux:pass
43	killed	kill	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 found	conj
44	with	with	ADP	_	45 him	case
45	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	43 killed	obl
46	,	,	PUNCT	_	52 cause	punct
47	as	as	SCONJ	_	52 cause	mark
48	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	52 cause	nsubj
49	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	52 cause	aux
50	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	52 cause	cop
51	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	52 cause	det
52	cause	cause	NOUN	Number=Sing	43 killed	parataxis
53	of	of	ADP	_	55 death	case
54	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	55 death	det
55	death	death	NOUN	Number=Sing	52 cause	nmod
56	of	of	ADP	_	59 animals	case
57	so	so	ADV	_	58 many	advmod
58	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	59 animals	amod
59	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	55 death	nmod
60	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 found	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	find	past · passive		the hare	guilty property	vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic
2	order	past · passive				vn order-58.3-1 «NP V S»: clause=Topic
3	pay not said to happen	to-infinitive		a large number of brass rods		vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent number=Asset
4	tell speech: assert	past · passive		hare		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic
5	not is a condition, not said to happen	past	rods = rod		forthcoming property	tree rules
6	kill	would · passive		hare		vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
7	kill	would · passive		hare's mother and sister	with hare	vn murder-42.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with he=Instrument
8	is a	past · perfect	hare	the cause	of the death of many animals	tree rules
9	die		many animals			nom death «event intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/4/61/

🌲 Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Ii.--the Cunning Hare; Or, Why the Tortoise Has a Patched Shell., sentence 61

The tree

Pragmatics

Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Ii.--the Cunning Hare; Or, Why the Tortoise Has a Patched Shell., sentence 61