Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Ii.--the Cunning Hare; Or, Why the Tortoise Has a Patched Shell., sentence 83
They lived together for several years without having any children, much to their mutual grief.
Who acts: IGIRI · What happens: live together, have · To what, where: children
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Ii.--the Cunning Hare; Or, Why the Tortoise Has a Patched Shell.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (IGIRI), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 lived | nsubj |
| 2 | lived | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | together | together | ADV | _ | 2 lived | advmod |
| 4 | for | for | ADP | _ | 6 years | case |
| 5 | several | several | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 years | amod |
| 6 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 lived | obl |
| 7 | without | without | SCONJ | _ | 8 having | mark |
| 8 | having | have | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 lived | advcl |
| 9 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 10 children | det |
| 10 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 having | obj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 grief | punct |
| 12 | much | much | ADV | _ | 16 grief | advmod |
| 13 | to | to | ADP | _ | 16 grief | case |
| 14 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 grief | nmod:poss |
| 15 | mutual | mutual | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 grief | amod |
| 16 | grief | grief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 having | obl |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 lived | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | live together | past | IGIRI | year | together property | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 2 | have | gerund | IGIRI not said here | any children | to IGIRI's mutual grief | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent child=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/4/83/