Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Iv.--how Elili of Inkum Died, and Was Brought Back to Life Again., sentence 14
Her father then gave her a piece of cloth, and Oga took him to the room where Elili was hiding, and said, “Here is my mother, who I have got alive again out of the grave.”
Who acts: father, Oga, Elili, mother · What happens: give, take, hide, say, be, get · To what, where: piece, Oga, father, room, grave · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Iv.--how Elili of Inkum Died, and Was Brought Back to Life Again.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (father, Oga, Elili, mother), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 father | nmod:poss |
| 2 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 gave | nsubj |
| 3 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 gave | advmod |
| 4 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 gave | iobj |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 piece | det |
| 7 | piece | piece | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 gave | obj |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 cloth | case |
| 9 | cloth | cloth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 piece | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 took | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 took | cc |
| 12 | Oga | Oga | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 took | nsubj |
| 13 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 gave | conj |
| 14 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 took | obj |
| 15 | to | to | ADP | _ | 17 room | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 room | det |
| 17 | room | room | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 took | obl |
| 18 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 21 hiding | advmod |
| 19 | Elili | Elili | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 hiding | nsubj |
| 20 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 hiding | aux |
| 21 | hiding | hide | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 17 room | acl:relcl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 said | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 said | cc |
| 24 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 gave | conj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 Here | punct |
| 26 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 27 Here | punct |
| 27 | Here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | 24 said | ccomp |
| 28 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 Here | cop |
| 29 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 30 mother | nmod:poss |
| 30 | mother | mother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 got | nsubj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 got | punct |
| 32 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 35 got | nsubj |
| 33 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 35 got | nsubj |
| 34 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 got | aux |
| 35 | got | get | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 24 said | ccomp |
| 36 | alive | alive | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 got | xcomp |
| 37 | again | again | ADV | _ | 35 got | advmod |
| 38 | out | out | ADP | _ | 41 grave | case |
| 39 | of | of | ADP | _ | 41 grave | case |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 grave | det |
| 41 | grave | grave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 got | obl |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 gave | punct |
| 43 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 gave | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | past | Oga's father | a piece of cloth | Oga | then | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent she=Recipient piece=Theme | ||
| 2 | take | past | Oga | father | the room | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent he=Theme to room=Destination | |||
| 3 | hide | past · progressive | Elili | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | say speech: assert | past | Oga's father not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | is in a quote | present | here property | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | get in a quote | present · perfect | my mother | the grave | again | who nsubj; I nsubj; alive property | vn escape-51.1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme out grave=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/5/14/