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Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Iv.--how Elili of Inkum Died, and Was Brought Back to Life Again., sentence 24

This caused them to bear fruit which resembled a woman’s head in shape and size, and even at the present time the young palm trees have bunches of fruit which look like a woman’s head with the plaits of hair all round.

Who acts: This, trees, fruit, young palm trees, bunches · What happens: cause, bear, resemble, have, look · To what, where: trees, fruit, head, shape, bunches

This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Iv.--how Elili of Inkum Died, and Was Brought Back to Life Again.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (This, trees, fruit, young palm trees), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

nsubjobjmarkxcompobjnsubjacl:relcldetnmod:posscaseobjcaseoblccconjpunctccadvmodcasedetcompoundobldetamodcompoundnsubjconjobjcasenmodnsubjacl:relclcasedetnmod:posscaseoblcasedetoblcasenmodadvmodadvmodpunctrootThisPRONcausedVERBthemPRONtoPARTbearVERBfruitNOUNwhichPRONresembledVERBaDETwomanNOUN’sPARTheadNOUNinADPshapeNOUNandCCONJsizeNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJevenADVatADPtheDETpresentNOUNtimeNOUNtheDETyoungADJpalmNOUNtreesNOUNhaveVERBbunchesNOUNofADPfruitNOUNwhichPRONlookVERBlikeADPaDETwomanNOUN’sPARTheadNOUNwithADPtheDETplaitsNOUNofADPhairNOUNallADVroundADV.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ThisthisPRONNumber=Sing PronType=Dem2 causednsubj
2causedcauseVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Finrootroot
3themtheyPRONCase=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs2 causedobj
4totoPART_5 bearmark
5bearbearVERBVerbForm=Inf2 causedxcomp
6fruitfruitNOUNNumber=Sing5 bearobj
7whichwhichPRONPronType=Rel8 resemblednsubj
8resembledresembleVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin6 fruitacl:relcl
9aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art10 womandet
10womanwomanNOUNNumber=Sing12 headnmod:poss
11’s'sPART_10 womancase
12headheadNOUNNumber=Sing8 resembledobj
13ininADP_14 shapecase
14shapeshapeNOUNNumber=Sing8 resembledobl
15andandCCONJ_16 sizecc
16sizesizeNOUNNumber=Sing14 shapeconj
17,,PUNCT_28 havepunct
18andandCCONJ_28 havecc
19evenevenADV_28 haveadvmod
20atatADP_23 timecase
21thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art23 timedet
22presentpresentNOUNNumber=Sing23 timecompound
23timetimeNOUNNumber=Sing28 haveobl
24thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art27 treesdet
25youngyoungADJDegree=Pos27 treesamod
26palmpalmNOUNNumber=Sing27 treescompound
27treestreeNOUNNumber=Plur28 havensubj
28havehaveVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin2 causedconj
29bunchesbunchNOUNNumber=Plur28 haveobj
30ofofADP_31 fruitcase
31fruitfruitNOUNNumber=Sing29 bunchesnmod
32whichwhichPRONPronType=Rel33 looknsubj
33looklookVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin29 bunchesacl:relcl
34likelikeADP_38 headcase
35aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art36 womandet
36womanwomanNOUNNumber=Sing38 headnmod:poss
37’s'sPART_36 womancase
38headheadNOUNNumber=Sing33 lookobl
39withwithADP_41 plaitscase
40thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art41 plaitsdet
41plaitsplaitNOUNNumber=Plur33 lookobl
42ofofADP_43 haircase
43hairhairNOUNNumber=Sing41 plaitsnmod
44allallADV_45 roundadvmod
45roundroundADV_33 lookadvmod
46..PUNCT_2 causedpunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1causepastThistrees = treetree rules
2bearto-infinitivetrees = tree not said herefruitvn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fruit=Patient
3resemblepastfruita woman's headshape and sizetree rules
4havepresentthe young palm treesbunches of fruittimevn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bunch=Patient
5lookpresentbunches of fruitlike a woman's head; with the plaits of hair; round propertyvn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/5/24/