Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Iv.--how Elili of Inkum Died, and Was Brought Back to Life Again., sentence 35
Then a large and deep grave was dug, and a number of slaves were killed by knocking them on the head with wooden clubs.
What happens: dig, kill, knock · To what, where: large grave, number, slaves, head
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Iv.--how Elili of Inkum Died, and Was Brought Back to Life Again.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 8 dug | advmod |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 grave | det |
| 3 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 grave | amod |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 deep | cc |
| 5 | deep | deep | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 large | conj |
| 6 | grave | grave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 dug | nsubj:pass |
| 7 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 dug | aux:pass |
| 8 | dug | dig | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 killed | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 killed | cc |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 number | det |
| 12 | number | number | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 killed | nsubj:pass |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 slaves | case |
| 14 | slaves | slave | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 number | nmod |
| 15 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 killed | aux:pass |
| 16 | killed | kill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 dug | conj |
| 17 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 18 knocking | mark |
| 18 | knocking | knock | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 16 killed | advcl |
| 19 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 knocking | obj |
| 20 | on | on | ADP | _ | 22 head | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 head | det |
| 22 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 knocking | obl |
| 23 | with | with | ADP | _ | 25 clubs | case |
| 24 | wooden | wooden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 clubs | amod |
| 25 | clubs | club | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 knocking | obl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 dug | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | dig | past · passive | a large grave | then | vn poke-19-1-1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 2 | kill | past · passive | a number of slaves | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 3 | knock | gerund | slaves = slave | the head | with wooden clubs | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent they=Theme on head=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/5/35/