Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Vii.--how Two Friends Fell Out: the Spider and the Grasshopper., sentence 100
She called for a long time, but her mother did not come out, as she saw a man making tombo in a tree near at hand.
Who acts: Essere, mother, man · What happens: call, not come out, see, make · To what, where: man, tombo, tree · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Vii.--how Two Friends Fell Out: the Spider and the Grasshopper.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Essere, mother, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | She | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 called | nsubj |
| 2 | called | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | for | for | ADP | _ | 6 time | case |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 time | det |
| 5 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 time | amod |
| 6 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 called | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 come | punct |
| 8 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 13 come | cc |
| 9 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 mother | nmod:poss |
| 10 | mother | mother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 come | nsubj |
| 11 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 come | aux |
| 12 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 13 come | advmod |
| 13 | come | come | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 called | conj |
| 14 | out | out | ADV | _ | 13 come | advmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 saw | punct |
| 16 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 18 saw | mark |
| 17 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 saw | nsubj |
| 18 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 called | conj |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 man | det |
| 20 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 saw | obj |
| 21 | making | make | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 20 man | acl |
| 22 | tombo | tombo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 making | obj |
| 23 | in | in | ADP | _ | 25 tree | case |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 tree | det |
| 25 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 making | obl |
| 26 | near | near | ADP | _ | 28 hand | case |
| 27 | at | at | ADP | _ | 28 hand | case |
| 28 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 tree | nmod |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 called | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | call | past | Essere | time | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | not come out | past · do-support | Essere's mother | out property | vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 3 | see | past | Essere | a man | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer man=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | make | gerund | a man not said here | tombo | a tree near hand | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset tombo=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/6/100/