Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Vii.--how Two Friends Fell Out: the Spider and the Grasshopper., sentence 13
This the spider also eat, saying, “I am sorry, Dabi, but there is no food for you, as this was brought for the stranger, and that is my name.”
Who acts: spider, food, that · What happens: eat, say, be, bring · To what, where: this, name · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Vii.--how Two Friends Fell Out: the Spider and the Grasshopper.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (spider, food, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | This | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 3 spider | det |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 spider | det |
| 3 | spider | spider | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 eat | nsubj |
| 4 | also | also | ADV | _ | 5 eat | advmod |
| 5 | eat | eat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 saying | punct |
| 7 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 eat | advcl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 sorry | punct |
| 9 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 sorry | punct |
| 10 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 12 sorry | nsubj |
| 11 | am | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 sorry | cop |
| 12 | sorry | sorry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 saying | ccomp |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 Dabi | punct |
| 14 | Dabi | Dabi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 sorry | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 is | punct |
| 16 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 18 is | cc |
| 17 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 18 is | expl |
| 18 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 eat | conj |
| 19 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 20 food | det |
| 20 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 is | nsubj |
| 21 | for | for | ADP | _ | 22 you | case |
| 22 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 18 is | obl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 brought | punct |
| 24 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 27 brought | mark |
| 25 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 27 brought | nsubj:pass |
| 26 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 brought | aux:pass |
| 27 | brought | bring | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 eat | conj |
| 28 | for | for | ADP | _ | 30 stranger | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 stranger | det |
| 30 | stranger | stranger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 brought | obl |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 name | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 name | cc |
| 33 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 36 name | nsubj |
| 34 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 36 name | cop |
| 35 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 36 name | nmod:poss |
| 36 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 eat | parataxis |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 36 name | punct |
| 38 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 36 name | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | eat | present | this spider | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | gerund | this spider not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | is in a quote | present | this spider = spider | Dabi obl; sorry property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | be in a quote | present | no food | there | for you | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 5 | bring in a quote | past · passive | this | for the stranger | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 6 | is a in a quote | present | that | my name | my nmod:poss | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/6/13/