Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Vii.--how Two Friends Fell Out: the Spider and the Grasshopper., sentence 24
The spider therefore ate his own share and the grasshopper’s as well, while the poor grasshopper sat down by himself, feeling very sad, and not speaking to anyone.
Who acts: spider, poor grasshopper, grasshopper · What happens: eat, sit down, feel, not speak, share · To what, where: own share · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Vii.--how Two Friends Fell Out: the Spider and the Grasshopper.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (spider, poor grasshopper, grasshopper), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 spider | det |
| 2 | spider | spider | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 ate | nsubj |
| 3 | therefore | therefore | ADV | _ | 4 ate | advmod |
| 4 | ate | eat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 share | nmod:poss |
| 6 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 share | amod |
| 7 | share | share | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 ate | obj |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 ’s | cc |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 grasshopper | det |
| 10 | grasshopper | grasshopper | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 ’s | nsubj |
| 11 | ’s | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 ate | conj |
| 12 | as | as | ADV | ExtPos=ADV | 11 ’s | advmod |
| 13 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 12 as | fixed |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 sat | punct |
| 15 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 19 sat | mark |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 grasshopper | det |
| 17 | poor | poor | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 grasshopper | amod |
| 18 | grasshopper | grasshopper | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 sat | nsubj |
| 19 | sat | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 ate | conj |
| 20 | down | down | ADP | _ | 19 sat | compound:prt |
| 21 | by | by | ADP | _ | 22 himself | case |
| 22 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 19 sat | obl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 feeling | punct |
| 24 | feeling | feel | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 19 sat | advcl |
| 25 | very | very | ADV | _ | 26 sad | advmod |
| 26 | sad | sad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 feeling | xcomp |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 speaking | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 speaking | cc |
| 29 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 30 speaking | advmod |
| 30 | speaking | speak | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 24 feeling | conj |
| 31 | to | to | ADP | _ | 32 anyone | case |
| 32 | anyone | anyone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 30 speaking | obl |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 ate | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | eat | past | the spider | grasshopper's own share | therefore property | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent share=Patient | |||
| 2 | sit down | past | the poor grasshopper | by grasshopper | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by himself=Location | ||||
| 3 | feel | gerund | the poor grasshopper not said here | sad property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | not speak speech: other | gerund | the poor grasshopper not said here | to anyone | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to anyone=Co-Agent | ||||
| 5 | share | grasshopper | nom share «possession transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/6/24/