Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Vii.--how Two Friends Fell Out: the Spider and the Grasshopper., sentence 53
Shortly after this, the dog, scenting some game, dived into the bush, and very soon returned to the path with a small bush buck in his mouth.
Who acts: dog · What happens: scent, dive, return · To what, where: game, bush
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Vii.--how Two Friends Fell Out: the Spider and the Grasshopper.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dog), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Shortly | shortly | ADV | _ | 8 scenting | advmod |
| 2 | after | after | ADP | _ | 3 this | case |
| 3 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 1 Shortly | obl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Shortly | punct |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 dog | det |
| 6 | dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 scenting | nsubj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 scenting | punct |
| 8 | scenting | scent | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 9 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 10 game | det |
| 10 | game | game | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 scenting | obj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 dived | punct |
| 12 | dived | dive | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 scenting | parataxis |
| 13 | into | into | ADP | _ | 15 bush | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 bush | det |
| 15 | bush | bush | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 dived | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 returned | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 returned | cc |
| 18 | very | very | ADV | _ | 19 soon | advmod |
| 19 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 20 returned | advmod |
| 20 | returned | return | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 dived | conj |
| 21 | to | to | ADP | _ | 23 path | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 path | det |
| 23 | path | path | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 returned | obl |
| 24 | with | with | ADP | _ | 28 buck | case |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 buck | det |
| 26 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 buck | amod |
| 27 | bush | bush | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 buck | compound |
| 28 | buck | buck | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 path | nmod |
| 29 | in | in | ADP | _ | 31 mouth | case |
| 30 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 mouth | nmod:poss |
| 31 | mouth | mouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 buck | nmod |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 scenting | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | scent | gerund | the dog | some game | shortly property | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent game=Destination | |||
| 2 | dive | participle | the bush | vn meander-47.7 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into bush=Location | |||||
| 3 | return | participle | to the path with a small bush buck in chief's mouth result; soon property | vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Patient to path=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/6/53/