Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Vii.--how Two Friends Fell Out: the Spider and the Grasshopper., sentence 72
She received many offers of marriage, but refused them all, until one day a chief of Insofan named Awor sent a message to her that he wished to make her his wife, as he had heard what a fine woman she was.
Who acts: EWA, Awor · What happens: receive, refuse, name, send, wish, make · To what, where: many offers, marriage, message, EWA, wife
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Vii.--how Two Friends Fell Out: the Spider and the Grasshopper.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (EWA, Awor), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | She | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 received | nsubj |
| 2 | received | receive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 offers | amod |
| 4 | offers | offer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 received | obj |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 marriage | case |
| 6 | marriage | marriage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 offers | nmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 refused | punct |
| 8 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 9 refused | cc |
| 9 | refused | refuse | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 received | parataxis |
| 10 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 refused | obj |
| 11 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 10 them | nmod:unmarked |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 named | punct |
| 13 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 20 named | mark |
| 14 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 15 day | nummod |
| 15 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 named | obl:unmarked |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 chief | det |
| 17 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 day | appos |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 Insofan | case |
| 19 | Insofan | Insofan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 chief | nmod |
| 20 | named | name | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 refused | conj |
| 21 | Awor | Awor | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 sent | nsubj |
| 22 | sent | send | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 named | ccomp |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 message | det |
| 24 | message | message | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 sent | obj |
| 25 | to | to | ADP | _ | 26 her | case |
| 26 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 sent | obl |
| 27 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 29 wished | mark |
| 28 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 wished | nsubj |
| 29 | wished | wish | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 sent | advcl |
| 30 | to | to | PART | _ | 31 make | mark |
| 31 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 29 wished | xcomp |
| 32 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 make | obj |
| 33 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 34 wife | nmod:poss |
| 34 | wife | wife | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 make | obj |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 heard | punct |
| 36 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 39 heard | mark |
| 37 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 heard | nsubj |
| 38 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 heard | aux |
| 39 | heard | hear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 29 wished | conj |
| 40 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 39 heard | ccomp |
| 41 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 43 woman | det |
| 42 | fine | fine | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 woman | amod |
| 43 | woman | woman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 what | nsubj |
| 44 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 45 was | nsubj |
| 45 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 43 woman | acl:relcl |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 received | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | receive | past | EWA | many offers of marriage | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent offer=Theme | ||||
| 2 | refuse | past | marriage | vn reject-77.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | |||||
| 3 | name | past | day | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | send | past | Awor | a message | EWA | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent message=Theme to she=Destination | |||
| 5 | wish | past | Awor | vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | |||||
| 6 | make not said to happen | to-infinitive | Awor not said here | Awor's wife | EWA | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset she=Beneficiary wife=Product | |||
| 7 | hear | past · perfect | Awor | what a fine woman ccomp | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 8 | offer | marriage | nom offer «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/6/72/