Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria, Vii.--how Two Friends Fell Out: the Spider and the Grasshopper., sentence 77
On reaching the Abum River which is quite close to Insofan, Ewa Abagi went to bathe, and took her little daughter with her, putting down her cloth and beads on the ground.
Who acts: Ewa, Abum River · What happens: reach, be, go, bathe, take, put down · To what, where: Abum River, Insofan, little daughter, cloth, ground
This is a sentence of «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Vii.--how Two Friends Fell Out: the Spider and the Grasshopper.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ewa, Abum River), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | On | on | SCONJ | _ | 2 reaching | mark |
| 2 | reaching | reach | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 15 went | advcl |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 River | det |
| 4 | Abum | Abum | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 River | compound |
| 5 | River | River | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 reaching | obj |
| 6 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 9 close | nsubj |
| 7 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 close | cop |
| 8 | quite | quite | ADV | _ | 9 close | advmod |
| 9 | close | close | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 River | acl:relcl |
| 10 | to | to | ADP | _ | 11 Insofan | case |
| 11 | Insofan | Insofan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 close | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 reaching | punct |
| 13 | Ewa | Ewa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 went | nsubj |
| 14 | Abagi | Abagi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 Ewa | flat |
| 15 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 16 | to | to | PART | _ | 17 bathe | mark |
| 17 | bathe | bathe | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 went | xcomp |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 took | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 took | cc |
| 20 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 went | conj |
| 21 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 daughter | nmod:poss |
| 22 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 daughter | amod |
| 23 | daughter | daughter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 took | obj |
| 24 | with | with | ADP | _ | 25 her | case |
| 25 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 took | obl |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 putting | punct |
| 27 | putting | put | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 20 took | advcl |
| 28 | down | down | ADP | _ | 30 cloth | case |
| 29 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 30 cloth | nmod:poss |
| 30 | cloth | cloth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 putting | obl |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 beads | cc |
| 32 | beads | bead | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 cloth | conj |
| 33 | on | on | ADP | _ | 35 ground | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 ground | det |
| 35 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 putting | obl |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 15 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | reach | gerund | Ewa not said here | the Abum River | vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent river=Theme | ||||
| 2 | is | present | the Abum River | Insofan | close property | tree rules | |||
| 3 | go | past | Ewa | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | bathe | to-infinitive | Ewa not said here | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | take | past | Ewa not said here | EWA's little daughter | with EWA | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument daughter=Destination | |||
| 6 | put down | gerund | Ewa not said here | EWA's cloth and beads | the ground | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent cloth=Theme on ground=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Ikom folk stories from Southern Nigeria» by Elphinstone Dayrell, Project Gutenberg book 70959 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg70959/6/77/